MLS Blood Banking & Transfusion Medicine

Question 1

Which blood type is considered the universal donor for packed red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

O negative

Answer

O negative red blood cells lack A, B, and Rh D antigens, making them compatible with recipients of any blood type.

Question 2

A patient with Type A blood has which naturally occurring antibody in their serum?

Accepted Answer

Anti-B

Answer

Type A individuals produce Anti-B antibodies per Landsteiner's rule, which states that individuals form antibodies against ABO antigens they do not possess.

Question 3

Which crossmatch method is most sensitive for detecting clinically significant alloantibodies?

Accepted Answer

Antiglobulin (indirect) crossmatch

Answer

The antiglobulin (indirect) crossmatch detects IgG antibodies and complement that coat red cells without immediate agglutination, identifying clinically significant antibodies capable of causing hemolysis.

Question 4

A positive Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT) indicates that:

Accepted Answer

The patient's red blood cells are coated with IgG or complement in vivo

Answer

A positive DAT demonstrates that the patient's circulating red blood cells are sensitized (coated) with IgG antibodies or complement components in vivo.

Question 5

At what temperature and conditions must platelets be stored in the blood bank?

Accepted Answer

20–24°C with continuous gentle agitation

Answer

Platelets must be stored at 20–24°C with continuous gentle agitation to maintain metabolic activity, pH, and prevent platelet clumping.

(MLS) Medical Laboratory Scientist Practice Test

(MLS) Medical Laboratory Scientist Practice Test

MLS Blood Banking & Transfusion Medicine