MJDF Radiology & IRMER

Question 1

What does IRMER 2017 stand for and what does it primarily regulate?

Accepted Answer

Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017 — regulates medical exposures to ionising radiation, including dental radiography

Answer

Infection Risk Management Emergency Regulations

Answer

Internal Radiation Monitoring Equipment Regulations

Answer

International Radiological Medical Ethics Requirements

Question 2

What is the 'ALARP' principle in radiation protection?

Accepted Answer

As Low As Reasonably Practicable — minimising radiation dose while maintaining diagnostic quality

Answer

As Large As Reasonably Practicable

Answer

A Level Above Routine Practice

Answer

Acceptable Limit And Radiation Protection

Question 3

Which radiograph delivers the highest radiation dose to the patient in routine dental practice?

Accepted Answer

Cone beam CT (CBCT)

Answer

Periapical radiograph

Answer

Bitewing radiograph

Answer

Panoramic (OPG)

Question 4

What is the effective radiation dose of a standard full-mouth periapical series compared to a panoramic radiograph?

Accepted Answer

Full mouth series: ~150–170 µSv; panoramic: ~6–22 µSv (modern systems)

Answer

Panoramic is always higher

Answer

Both deliver identical doses

Answer

Full mouth series is lower than panoramic

Question 5

Under IRMER 2017, what responsibility does the 'Operator' have?

Accepted Answer

Practically carries out the exposure — positions the patient and equipment, presses the exposure button, processes the image

Answer

Authorises the examination (justification)

Answer

Refers the patient for the examination

Answer

Manages the radiation protection policies

Question 6

What is the difference between deterministic and stochastic radiation effects?

Accepted Answer

Deterministic effects have a threshold dose (e.g., cataract, erythema); stochastic effects are probabilistic with no threshold (e.g., cancer induction)

Answer

They are identical in mechanism

Answer

Stochastic effects have a clear threshold

Answer

Deterministic effects include cancer only