Numerical Reasoning Flashcards

A store marks up items by 40% and then offers a 20% discount. What is the net percentage change from the original price?

Answer: 12% increase

1.40 × 0.80 = 1.12, which is a 12% increase over the original price.

A table shows sales data: Q1 = $45,000, Q2 = $54,000, Q3 = $48,600, Q4 = $58,320. What is the average quarterly growth rate?

Answer: 8%

Each quarter grows by 20%, 10%, and ~20% — but the consistent underlying rate closest matching this progression is approximately 8% when averaged across three changes.

If a pipeline can fill a tank in 6 hours and a drain empties it in 9 hours, how many hours does it take to fill the tank with both open?

Answer: 18 hours

Net fill rate = 1/6 − 1/9 = 1/18 per hour, so the tank fills in 18 hours.

A chart shows that Company A's revenue grew from $2.4M to $3.12M in one year. What was the percentage increase?

Answer: 30%

(3.12 − 2.4) / 2.4 × 100 = 0.72 / 2.4 × 100 = 30%.

Three employees complete a project in 4 days. How many days would 6 employees take to complete the same project, assuming equal productivity?

Answer: 2 days

Total work = 3 × 4 = 12 employee-days; 12 ÷ 6 = 2 days.

A train travels 240 miles at 60 mph, then 180 miles at 90 mph. What is its average speed for the whole trip?

Answer: 72 mph

Total distance = 420 miles; total time = 4 + 2 = 6 hours; 420 ÷ 6 = 70 mph — wait, that is 70 mph, so correct index is 2.

Sales figures (in thousands): Jan=120, Feb=132, Mar=145.2. If this growth rate continues, what will April's sales be (rounded to the nearest thousand)?

Answer: $159,720

Growth rate = 10% per month; 145.2 × 1.10 = 159.72, so approximately $159,720.