Musculoskeletal Conditions & Special Populations Flashcards

Which movement pattern is MOST important to avoid for a client in the early recovery phase after total hip arthroplasty (posterior approach)?

Answer: Hip flexion beyond 90° combined with internal rotation and adduction

The classic posterior approach hip dislocation triad is flexion >90°, adduction past midline, and internal rotation, which must be avoided post-surgery.

Which resistance training strategy is most appropriate for a client with active rheumatoid arthritis during a flare?

Answer: Isometric exercises at comfortable angles

Isometric contractions allow muscle activation without joint movement, minimizing stress on inflamed joints during an RA flare.

A client with multiple sclerosis (MS) should be counseled to avoid which environmental factor that commonly worsens symptoms?

Answer: Excessive heat

Uhthoff's phenomenon describes the temporary worsening of MS symptoms with body temperature increase, making heat management critical.

Which special population requires absolute avoidance of the Valsalva maneuver during resistance training?

Answer: Clients with known intracranial aneurysm or recent stroke

The Valsalva maneuver sharply raises intracranial and intrathoracic pressure, creating extreme danger for those with intracranial aneurysm or recent stroke.

For a client with fibromyalgia, which exercise approach is most supported by evidence?

Answer: Low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise progressed gradually

Gradual low-to-moderate aerobic exercise is the most evidence-based intervention for reducing fibromyalgia pain and fatigue.

Which condition is characterized by inflammation of tendons at their bony insertion points and is common in clients with ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer: Enthesitis

Enthesitis, inflammation at tendon or ligament insertion sites on bone, is a hallmark of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies.