Musculoskeletal Conditions & Special Populations Flashcards

Which balance training progression is most appropriate for a fall-risk older adult just beginning an exercise program?

Answer: Two-leg standing balance with eyes open on a stable surface

Starting with bilateral stance on a stable surface with eyes open is the foundational, safest progression for fall-risk older adults.

Which type of exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of falls in older adults most effectively?

Answer: Multicomponent exercise including balance and strength

Multicomponent programs combining strength, balance, and functional mobility training have the strongest evidence for fall prevention in older adults.

A client with Parkinson's disease most benefits from which exercise characteristic to address bradykinesia?

Answer: Rhythmic auditory cueing and large-amplitude movements

Rhythmic auditory cues and LSVT-inspired large-amplitude movements improve motor initiation and combat bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease.

Which exercise consideration is MOST important when working with a client who has undergone recent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery?

Answer: Avoid upper body exercises that stress the healing sternum for 6–8 weeks

Median sternotomy requires 6–8 weeks for sternal healing; pushing and pulling upper body exercises that stress the chest must be avoided during this period.

For a client with lymphedema following breast cancer treatment, which exercise precaution is most important?

Answer: Monitor limb girth and use compression garments during exercise

Monitoring limb circumference and wearing prescribed compression garments during exercise helps manage lymphatic fluid and prevent lymphedema exacerbation.

Which functional assessment is most appropriate for measuring lower extremity strength and fall risk in older adults?

Answer: Timed Up and Go (TUG) test

The Timed Up and Go test measures the time to rise, walk 3 meters, return, and sit, providing a valid assessment of functional mobility and fall risk.