Chronic Disease Management & Exercise Prescription Flashcards

According to ACSM guidelines, what is the recommended target heart rate range for moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in clients with stable coronary artery disease?

Answer: 40–60% HRR

ACSM recommends 40–60% heart rate reserve for moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in stable CAD clients to provide cardiovascular benefit while minimizing risk.

Which exercise modality is most appropriate as an initial intervention for a deconditioned client with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

Answer: Low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise with gradual progression

Low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise allows safe cardiovascular and functional improvement without placing excessive metabolic or blood pressure stress on impaired kidneys.

What is the most important pre-exercise precaution for a client with type 1 diabetes beginning an exercise program?

Answer: Monitoring blood glucose and having fast-acting carbohydrates available

Blood glucose monitoring before, during, and after exercise — along with access to fast-acting carbohydrates — is essential to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.

Which symptom during exercise warrants immediate termination and physician referral for a client with cardiovascular disease?

Answer: Chest pain, pressure, or radiation to the arm or jaw

Chest pain, pressure, or pain radiating to the arm or jaw during exercise is a cardinal warning sign of myocardial ischemia requiring immediate cessation and emergency evaluation.

For a client with COPD, which parameter should be used alongside heart rate to guide exercise intensity?

Answer: Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and dyspnea scale

RPE combined with a dyspnea scale (such as the modified Borg) provides a reliable, client-centered method to regulate intensity when heart rate may be blunted by medications or disease.

What is the recommended rest period guideline between sets for clients with hypertension performing resistance training?

Answer: At least 60–90 seconds to allow blood pressure recovery

Rest periods of at least 60–90 seconds between resistance sets allow blood pressure to recover toward baseline and reduce cumulative cardiovascular stress in hypertensive clients.