Chronic Disease Management & Exercise Prescription Flashcards

What is the recommended minimum frequency of aerobic exercise per week for clients with type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control?

Answer: At least 3 non-consecutive days per week with no more than 2 consecutive days without exercise

ACSM/ADA guidelines recommend at least 3 days per week with no more than 2 consecutive rest days to maintain consistent glucose-lowering effects of exercise.

Which warm-up approach is most appropriate before aerobic exercise for a client with asthma who is prone to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction?

Answer: Gradual 10–15 minute low-intensity warm-up to minimize bronchoconstriction trigger

A prolonged, gradual warm-up at low intensity blunts the thermal and osmotic airway changes that trigger exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

In a client with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, which exercise guideline modification is most critical compared to healthy adults?

Answer: Monitoring fatigue levels closely and reducing intensity or volume on high-fatigue days

Cancer-related fatigue fluctuates significantly during chemotherapy cycles; adjusting exercise intensity and volume based on daily fatigue levels prevents overexertion and supports adherence.

For a client with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), what is the recommended initial aerobic exercise intensity based on current guidelines?

Answer: Low-to-moderate intensity (40–60% HRR) with close symptom monitoring

HFrEF clients benefit from low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise that improves functional capacity without overwhelming the compromised heart's output capacity.

Which blood pressure response during exercise requires immediate cessation and physician consultation?

Answer: Systolic pressure exceeding 250 mmHg or diastolic exceeding 115 mmHg

ACSM exercise termination criteria include systolic BP exceeding 250 mmHg or diastolic BP exceeding 115 mmHg, as these levels indicate a hypertensive crisis risk.

A client with obesity has a physician clearance for exercise but reports knee pain with impact activities. Which modification best maintains cardiovascular benefit while protecting the knee?

Answer: Low-impact alternatives such as cycling, swimming, or elliptical training

Low-impact modalities provide equivalent cardiovascular stimulus while dramatically reducing compressive joint forces at the knee compared to impact-based activities.