Chronic Disease Management & Exercise Prescription Flashcards

Which outcome measure is most appropriate for tracking functional progress in a client with Parkinson's disease enrolled in an exercise program?

Answer: Timed Up and Go (TUG) test

The Timed Up and Go test measures functional mobility, balance, and fall risk — outcomes directly relevant to Parkinson's disease management.

In clients with metabolic syndrome, which exercise combination most effectively addresses insulin resistance and dyslipidemia simultaneously?

Answer: Combination of moderate aerobic training and resistance training

Combined aerobic and resistance training improves insulin sensitivity through GLUT-4 upregulation while also reducing triglycerides and improving HDL cholesterol.

What is the primary exercise consideration for a client who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery 8 weeks ago?

Answer: Sternal precautions limiting upper extremity loading until sternotomy heals

Sternal precautions typically restrict upper extremity loading for 6–12 weeks post-CABG to allow the sternotomy incision to heal and prevent wound dehiscence.

Which exercise modification is most appropriate for a client with peripheral neuropathy who reports reduced foot sensation?

Answer: Seated or supported exercises that reduce fall risk and foot stress

Reduced foot sensation impairs balance and injury awareness, making seated or supported exercises safer to prevent falls and undetected skin breakdown.

For a client with osteoporosis, which exercise type should be avoided due to high spinal fracture risk?

Answer: Forward trunk flexion under load (e.g., loaded crunches, toe touches)

Loaded spinal flexion creates excessive anterior compressive forces on osteoporotic vertebrae, significantly elevating the risk of compression fractures.

Which medication class commonly used in cardiac clients can blunt the heart rate response and limit the utility of heart rate-based exercise intensity prescriptions?

Answer: Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers reduce heart rate response to exercise by blocking sympathetic stimulation of cardiac beta-1 receptors, necessitating RPE-based intensity monitoring instead.