Medical Knowledge Pharmacology

Question 1

What term describes the maximum effect a drug can produce regardless of dose?

Accepted Answer

Efficacy

Answer

Efficacy refers to the maximum therapeutic effect achievable with a drug at any dose.

Question 2

Which route of drug administration provides 100% bioavailability?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Intravenous administration delivers drugs directly into the bloodstream, bypassing first-pass metabolism entirely.

Question 3

Which class of drugs inhibits COX enzymes to reduce inflammation?

Accepted Answer

NSAIDs

Answer

NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis and thereby decreasing inflammation and pain.

Question 4

What is drug tolerance?

Accepted Answer

Decreased response requiring higher doses over time

Answer

Tolerance develops when repeated drug exposure causes a diminished pharmacological response, requiring dose escalation for the same effect.

Question 5

Which enzyme family in the liver is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Cytochrome P450

Answer

The cytochrome P450 enzyme family oxidizes most drugs, converting lipophilic compounds into more water-soluble metabolites for excretion.

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