Information Technology & Cybersecurity Flashcards

What is the purpose of encryption in information security?

Answer: To convert data into an unreadable format to prevent unauthorized access

Encryption converts data into a scrambled format that can only be read by authorized parties with the correct decryption key.

In computer networking, what does a router do?

Answer: Directs data packets between networks and connects devices to the internet

A router forwards data packets between computer networks and provides devices with access to the internet.

What is two-factor authentication (2FA)?

Answer: Requiring two forms of verification to confirm a user's identity

Two-factor authentication requires users to verify their identity using two separate methods, such as a password and a code sent to their phone.

What does 'malware' refer to in cybersecurity?

Answer: Any software intentionally designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to systems

Malware is any malicious software — including viruses, worms, and ransomware — designed to harm or exploit computers and networks.

In IT, what does 'bandwidth' measure?

Answer: The maximum data transfer rate of a network connection

Bandwidth measures the maximum rate at which data can be transmitted over a network connection, typically measured in megabits per second (Mbps).

Which programming concept describes a set of instructions that can be reused throughout a program?

Answer: Function

A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task and can be called multiple times throughout a program.