Miller Analogies Test (MAT) — Questions and Answers

Question 1: 50% is to ONE HALF as 25% is to:

one third
one eighth
one fifth
one quarter (Correct answer)

Correct answer: one quarter

25 percent equals one quarter.

Question 2: PEN : WRITER :: BRUSH : ?

Painter (Correct answer)
Sculptor
Dancer
Singer

Correct answer: Painter

A pen is the writer's tool as a brush is the painter's tool.

Question 3: A teacher writes the following objective: 'Students will understand photosynthesis.' What is the primary weakness of this objective?

It is written for the wrong grade level
It includes too many skills
The verb 'understand' is not measurable (Correct answer)
It is too content-specific

Correct answer: The verb 'understand' is not measurable

Vague verbs like 'understand' cannot be directly observed or measured; objectives must use action verbs such as 'explain,' 'diagram,' or 'compare.'

Question 4: A curriculum committee reviews whether the written curriculum is actually being delivered as intended in classrooms. They are examining the relationship between the and curriculum.

Formal and hidden
Assessed and learned
Written and taught (Correct answer)
Intended and null

Correct answer: Written and taught

The written curriculum is the official documented plan, while the taught curriculum is what teachers actually deliver in practice.

Question 5: When a teacher deliberately omits content that conflicts with community values or political sensitivities, this is an example of shaping the:

Operational curriculum
Hidden curriculum
Null curriculum (Correct answer)
Explicit curriculum

Correct answer: Null curriculum

The null curriculum consists of what is intentionally left out, including content considered controversial or inappropriate for a given community.

Question 6: BRUSH : PAINTER :: CHISEL : ?

Composer
Dancer
Author
Sculptor (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Sculptor

A brush is the tool of a painter as a chisel is the tool of a sculptor.

Question 7: Which of the following is the primary benefit of using augmented reality (AR) in science instruction?

It replaces the need for textbooks and printed materials
It allows students to interact with 3D models of concepts that are difficult to observe directly (Correct answer)
It ensures students score higher on standardized tests
It eliminates the need for laboratory safety protocols

Correct answer: It allows students to interact with 3D models of concepts that are difficult to observe directly

AR overlays digital 3D content onto the real world, allowing students to visualize and interact with abstract or microscopic concepts that cannot be easily observed otherwise.

Question 8: A teacher uses student achievement data disaggregated by subgroup to identify a PD focus. Which equity-related principle does this practice reflect?

Culturally sustaining pedagogy
Equity-driven professional development (Correct answer)
Universal design for learning
Standards-based grading

Correct answer: Equity-driven professional development

Equity-driven PD uses disaggregated data to ensure professional growth targets closing opportunity and achievement gaps for underserved student groups.

Question 9: What is the most important principle in professional Master of Arts in Teaching practice?

Maintaining competence through continuous learning and adherence to standards (Correct answer)
Maximizing revenue from each client
Following only personal judgment
Working as quickly as possible

Correct answer: Maintaining competence through continuous learning and adherence to standards

Maintaining competence through continuous learning and adherence to professional standards ensures quality service delivery and public protection in Master of Arts in Teaching practice.

Question 10: METER : KILOMETER :: GRAM : ____

KILOGRAM (Correct answer)
MILLIGRAM
CENTIGRAM
WEIGHT

Correct answer: KILOGRAM

The relationship is between a base unit of measurement and a unit that is one thousand times larger. A kilometer is 1,000 meters. Following this pattern, a kilogram is 1,000 grams. Milligram and centigram are smaller units, and weight is the concept being measured, not a unit in the same pattern.

Question 11: A teacher regularly reflects on lessons using a written journal. Which professional development framework most closely describes this practice?

Reflective practice (Correct answer)
Peer observation
Curriculum mapping
Action research

Correct answer: Reflective practice

Reflective practice involves systematically examining one's own teaching through methods like journaling to improve future instruction.

Question 12: STETHOSCOPE : DOCTOR :: WRENCH : ?

Teacher
Artist
Chef
Mechanic (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Mechanic

A stethoscope is a doctor's tool as a wrench is a mechanic's tool.

Question 13: 4 is to 16 as 9 is to:

18
36
81 (Correct answer)
27

Correct answer: 81

Each number is squared, so 9 squared is 81.

Question 14: Kurtzwell : Singularity :: ____________ : Thermodynamics

Kelvin (Correct answer)
Bacon
Pascal
Sagan

Correct answer: Kelvin

This analogy connects a person to a significant concept or field they are known for. Ray Kurzweil is a futurist closely associated with the concept of technological singularity. Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) was a pivotal figure in the development of thermodynamics, formulating the Kelvin scale and contributing significantly to its laws, thus completing the pattern.

Question 15: Why is formative assessment important during instruction?

It is only useful at the end of a unit
It assigns grades to motivate learners
It replaces the need for summative assessment
It provides ongoing feedback to guide instructional adjustments in real time (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It provides ongoing feedback to guide instructional adjustments in real time

Formative assessment provides ongoing feedback during instruction, enabling real-time adjustments to teaching strategies and identifying learners who need additional support.

Question 16: EDUCATIONAL : IGNORANCE

reason : philosophy
door : entrance
book : knowledge
work : recreation
medicine : disease (Correct answer)

Correct answer: medicine : disease

The relationship between EDUCATIONAL and IGNORANCE is that something EDUCATIONAL aims to reduce or cure IGNORANCE. Following this remedial pattern, MEDICINE aims to reduce or cure DISEASE. Both pairs connect an agent or action to the negative state it seeks to remedy.

Question 17: A first-year teacher finds that students finish assignments at very different rates, leading to off-task behavior among early finishers. The BEST systemic solution is to:

Establish clear 'anchor activities' for students who complete work early (Correct answer)
Assign the same task repeatedly until all students finish
Slow the pace of instruction so all students finish together
Allow early finishers unrestricted free time

Correct answer: Establish clear 'anchor activities' for students who complete work early

Anchor activities are purposeful, independent tasks that early finishers move to automatically, maintaining engagement without requiring teacher direction.

Question 18: STUDIO : ARTIST ::

blackboard : professor
laboratory : chemist (Correct answer)
cathedral : architect
quarry : sculptor
play : dramatist

Correct answer: laboratory : chemist

The relationship between STUDIO and ARTIST is that a STUDIO is the primary workplace for an ARTIST. In the same way, a LABORATORY is the primary workplace for a CHEMIST. Both pairs correctly identify a professional and their dedicated work environment.

Question 19: How should delegation be approached?

Match task complexity to team member skills while providing appropriate support (Correct answer)
Only delegate to the most experienced team members
Delegate everything to reduce personal workload
Delegate only unimportant tasks

Correct answer: Match task complexity to team member skills while providing appropriate support

Effective delegation matches tasks to skills, provides appropriate support and authority, and serves as a development tool for team members.

Question 20: NEWTON : MOTION :: EINSTEIN : ?

Combustion
Inheritance
Relativity (Correct answer)
Magnetism

Correct answer: Relativity

Newton formulated laws of motion while Einstein developed the theory of relativity.

Question 21: TENOR : MALE :: ALTO : ?

Brass
String
Female (Correct answer)
Percussion

Correct answer: Female

Tenor is typically a male voice as alto is typically a female voice.

Question 22: When a teacher uses Socratic questioning, the primary instructional goal is to:

Assess prior knowledge with standardized items
Deliver content efficiently to large groups
Provide corrective feedback on written work
Stimulate critical thinking through guided questions (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Stimulate critical thinking through guided questions

Socratic questioning uses probing, open-ended questions to encourage students to examine assumptions and deepen their reasoning.

Question 23: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 is to PRIMES as 4, 6, 8, 9, 10 is to:

primes
odds
squares
composites (Correct answer)

Correct answer: composites

Each listed number has factors beyond 1 and itself, making them composite.

Question 24: FRESCO : PAINTING :: ______ : POETRY

NOVEL
SCULPTURE
HAIKU (Correct answer)
EASEL

Correct answer: HAIKU

The relationship is one of specific example to a general category. A fresco is a specific type of painting. Similarly, a haiku is a specific form of poetry.

Question 25: EAGLE : RAPTOR :: COBRA : ?

SNAKE (Correct answer)
LIZARD
MAMMAL
INSECT

Correct answer: SNAKE

An eagle is a raptor (bird of prey), and a cobra is a snake.

Question 26: GEORGE WASHINGTON : FIRST :: ABRAHAM LINCOLN : ?

Twelfth
Eighteenth
Fifteenth
Sixteenth (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Sixteenth

Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States, just as George Washington was the 1st.

Question 27: A researcher's personal values and background influence how she interprets data. Acknowledging this influence explicitly in the research report is called:

Bias elimination
Random sampling
Positionality statement (Correct answer)
Inter-rater reliability

Correct answer: Positionality statement

A positionality statement discloses the researcher's identity, experiences, and perspectives that may shape data interpretation.

Question 28: A teacher wants to build student agency in a curriculum unit. Which design feature BEST supports this goal?

Standardized pacing guides enforced across all classrooms
Student choice in demonstrating mastery of learning targets (Correct answer)
Textbook-driven lessons with end-of-chapter tests
Scripted direct instruction with detailed teacher notes

Correct answer: Student choice in demonstrating mastery of learning targets

Offering students choice in how they demonstrate mastery builds agency by giving them ownership over their learning process.

Question 29: Which of the following is an example of a 'leading question' that should be avoided in an action research survey?

Don't you think group projects are more fun than working alone? (Correct answer)
How would you describe your experience during today's lesson?
What strategies do you use when you encounter an unfamiliar word?
How often do you read for pleasure each week?

Correct answer: Don't you think group projects are more fun than working alone?

Leading questions embed the expected answer, biasing responses and compromising data integrity.

Question 30: Which technique is MOST consistent with Vygotsky's concept of the Zone of Proximal Development to maintain engagement?

Letting students choose only tasks they have mastered
Assigning tasks students can complete entirely independently
Providing scaffolded tasks just beyond current ability with teacher support (Correct answer)
Grouping students by interest rather than readiness

Correct answer: Providing scaffolded tasks just beyond current ability with teacher support

The ZPD defines the gap between independent performance and potential with support, so scaffolded tasks in this zone maximize engagement and growth.

Question 31: WHISPER is to SHOUT as GLANCE is to:

WINK
STARE (Correct answer)
SQUINT
BLINK

Correct answer: STARE

A whisper and shout differ by intensity, as do a glance and a stare.

Question 32: Champion : Circumvent :: Advocate :

Defeated
Winner
Prevent
Evade (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Evade

The relationship between the first pair is one of synonyms: to champion something means to advocate for it. Following this pattern, the word that is synonymous with 'circumvent' is 'evade,' both meaning to find a way around something, often by cleverness or deceit.

Question 33: A teacher wants students to evaluate multiple sources on a historical event before drawing conclusions. Which instructional approach best supports this goal?

Whole-class recitation of key dates
Direct instruction with teacher lecture
Drill-and-practice with fact recall
Inquiry-based learning with source analysis (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Inquiry-based learning with source analysis

Inquiry-based learning engages students in examining evidence and constructing meaning, which directly supports critical evaluation of multiple sources.

Question 34: KEY : LOCK :: PASSWORD : ?

Account (Correct answer)
Computer
Screen
Keyboard

Correct answer: Account

A key opens a lock as a password opens an account.

Question 35: How can teachers use student feedback to improve curriculum design?

By using feedback to punish students.
By ignoring feedback and sticking to the original plan.
By using feedback to adjust teaching methods and materials (Correct answer)
By focusing only on grades.

Correct answer: By using feedback to adjust teaching methods and materials

Student feedback is an invaluable resource for continuous improvement in curriculum design. By actively soliciting and analyzing student input on lessons, activities, and materials, teachers can gain insights into what is working well and what needs modification. This data-driven approach allows for responsive adjustments, making the curriculum more effective and relevant to student needs.

Question 36: How should team conflicts be addressed?

Punish all parties involved in the conflict
Address conflicts early through open communication and collaborative problem-solving (Correct answer)
Ignore conflicts until they resolve themselves
Take sides with the most senior team member

Correct answer: Address conflicts early through open communication and collaborative problem-solving

Early intervention through open communication and collaborative problem-solving prevents escalation and turns conflicts into opportunities for improved team dynamics.

Question 37: QUALITATIVE : WORDS :: QUANTITATIVE : ?

Cases
Numbers (Correct answer)
Interviews
Theories

Correct answer: Numbers

Qualitative research relies on words, while quantitative research relies on numbers.

Question 38: CONSTELLATION : STAR ::

OCEAN : RIVER
BOOK : LIBRARY
FOREST : TREE (Correct answer)
GALAXY : PLANET

Correct answer: FOREST : TREE

This is a whole-to-part relationship. A CONSTELLATION is a group made up of individual STARs. Similarly, a FOREST is a large area made up of individual TREES.

Question 39: SUM is to PLUS as DIFFERENCE is to:

equals
minus (Correct answer)
over
times

Correct answer: minus

A difference results from subtraction, signified by minus.

Question 40: Why is formative assessment important during instruction?

It replaces the need for summative assessment
It provides ongoing feedback to guide instructional adjustments in real time (Correct answer)
It is only useful at the end of a unit
It assigns grades to motivate learners

Correct answer: It provides ongoing feedback to guide instructional adjustments in real time

Formative assessment provides ongoing feedback during instruction, enabling real-time adjustments to teaching strategies and identifying learners who need additional support.

Question 41: CONDUCTOR : ORCHESTRA :: COACH : ?

Referee
Team (Correct answer)
Stadium
Whistle

Correct answer: Team

A conductor directs an orchestra as a coach directs a team.

Question 42: SOCIALIZATION : LEARNING NORMS :: ? : ADOPTING A NEW CULTURE

Stratification
Acculturation (Correct answer)
Deviance
Mobility

Correct answer: Acculturation

Socialization is learning norms, while acculturation is adopting a new culture.

Question 43: MICROECONOMICS : INDIVIDUAL :: MACROECONOMICS : ?

Firm
Market
Aggregate (Correct answer)
Consumer

Correct answer: Aggregate

Microeconomics studies individuals and firms, while macroeconomics studies the aggregate economy.

Question 44: A teacher wants students to apply knowledge to a real-world problem with no single correct answer. Which strategy is MOST appropriate?

Authentic problem-based task or case study (Correct answer)
Choral repetition of key vocabulary
True/false quiz review
Drill and practice worksheets

Correct answer: Authentic problem-based task or case study

Authentic problem-based tasks or case studies mirror real-world complexity, requiring students to apply knowledge in ill-structured situations without predetermined answers.

Question 45: Under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), professional development for teachers must meet which standard?

It must be approved by the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards
It must be at least 40 hours per school year
It must be sustained, intensive, collaborative, job-embedded, data-driven, and classroom-focused (Correct answer)
It must be delivered exclusively through face-to-face workshops

Correct answer: It must be sustained, intensive, collaborative, job-embedded, data-driven, and classroom-focused

ESSA defines effective professional development using specific criteria including sustained, intensive, collaborative, job-embedded, data-driven, and classroom-focused characteristics.

Question 46: Which scenario demonstrates a threat to the internal validity of a classroom assessment?

Students receiving coaching from parents before the test (Correct answer)
Administering the test during a regular school day
Grading essays without knowing student names
Using the same assessment across multiple grade levels

Correct answer: Students receiving coaching from parents before the test

Outside coaching introduces an extraneous variable that may inflate scores, threatening valid inferences about classroom learning.

Question 47: WICK : CANDLE :: FILAMENT : ?

Wire
Bulb (Correct answer)
Battery
Switch

Correct answer: Bulb

A wick produces a candle's light as a filament produces a bulb's light.

Question 48: Which scenario best illustrates vicarious reinforcement increasing student engagement?

A teacher reduces homework for the whole class
A student receives bonus points for finishing first
A student studies more after failing a test
A student works harder after watching a peer be praised for persistence (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A student works harder after watching a peer be praised for persistence

Vicarious reinforcement occurs when observing another person being rewarded increases the observer's motivation to perform the same behavior.

Question 49: A district mandates all teachers attend a one-time workshop on differentiated instruction. Why is this approach often considered ineffective professional development?

One-time workshops violate union agreements
It lacks sustained follow-up, practice, and feedback over time (Correct answer)
The topic is not relevant to teaching
Teachers already know about differentiated instruction

Correct answer: It lacks sustained follow-up, practice, and feedback over time

Research shows that single-session workshops rarely lead to lasting instructional change without sustained support and follow-up.

Question 50: SOPRANO : HIGH :: BASS : ?

Soft
Fast
Low (Correct answer)
Loud

Correct answer: Low

A soprano sings high notes as a bass sings low notes.

Question 51: COMET : ICE :: ASTEROID : ?

Gas
Rock (Correct answer)
Plasma
Water

Correct answer: Rock

Comets are largely composed of ice while asteroids are composed of rock and metal.

Question 52: Why is curriculum design important for effective teaching?

It allows for student-led instruction.
It helps organize teaching strategies and learning goals (Correct answer)
It focuses primarily on classroom management.
It helps to reduce the amount of homework.

Correct answer: It helps organize teaching strategies and learning goals

Curriculum design provides a structured framework for the entire learning process. It systematically outlines what students are expected to learn, how they will learn it, and how their learning will be assessed. This organization ensures that teaching strategies are aligned with clear learning goals, creating a coherent and purposeful educational experience.

Question 53: STRIKE : WORK ::

boycott : engineer (Correct answer)
detour : trespass
censor : learn
postpone : cancel
incorporate : merge

Correct answer: boycott : engineer

The relationship between STRIKE and WORK is that to STRIKE (verb) is to refuse to WORK (verb or noun, the act of working). Similarly, to BOYCOTT (verb) is to refuse to engage with or support something, which can be interpreted as refusing to 'engineer' (verb, meaning to arrange, bring about, or participate in). Both represent a refusal to participate in a specified activity or engagement.

Question 54: Why is it essential to use formative assessments with technology?

To entertain students with quizzes.
To monitor student progress and adjust instruction immediately (Correct answer)
To evaluate student behavior.
To determine final grades.

Correct answer: To monitor student progress and adjust instruction immediately

Using technology for formative assessments allows teachers to gather real-time data on student understanding quickly and efficiently. Tools like online quizzes, polls, and interactive response systems provide immediate feedback to both students and teachers. This instant insight enables teachers to identify misconceptions or areas of struggle and adjust their instruction on the spot, preventing students from falling behind.

Question 55: RECTANGLE : PARALLELOGRAM :: SQUARE : ?

RHOMBUS (Correct answer)
TRIANGLE
CIRCLE
PENTAGON

Correct answer: RHOMBUS

A rectangle is a special parallelogram, and a square is a special rhombus (and rectangle).

Question 56: MERCURY : LIQUID :: HELIUM : ?

Plasma
Crystal
Solid
Gas (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Gas

Mercury is a metal that is liquid at room temperature, while helium is a gas at room temperature.

Question 57: VELOCITY : SPEED :: ACCELERATION : ?

Distance
Momentum
Change in velocity (Correct answer)
Mass

Correct answer: Change in velocity

Velocity describes speed with direction while acceleration is the rate of change in velocity.

Question 58: How should assessment methods be selected?

Based on ease of grading
By selecting the most challenging format available
Based on alignment with learning objectives and ability to measure desired competencies (Correct answer)
Using the same assessment type for all objectives

Correct answer: Based on alignment with learning objectives and ability to measure desired competencies

Assessment methods should align with learning objectives and effectively measure desired competencies, ensuring valid evaluation of learner achievement.

Question 59: What is the role of emotional intelligence in leadership?

It only matters in counseling roles
It is irrelevant in professional settings
It replaces the need for technical competence
It enables understanding and managing emotions in oneself and others for better outcomes (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It enables understanding and managing emotions in oneself and others for better outcomes

Emotional intelligence enables leaders to understand and manage their own emotions and those of team members, improving communication, motivation, and decision-making.

Question 60: How should technology be integrated into instruction?

By using technology in every lesson regardless of benefit
By replacing all traditional instruction with digital alternatives
Only when traditional methods fail
Purposefully, to enhance learning objectives that technology can uniquely support (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Purposefully, to enhance learning objectives that technology can uniquely support

Technology should be integrated purposefully where it uniquely enhances learning, not as a substitute for effective instruction or as technology for its own sake.

Question 61: FRUGAL is to SPENDTHRIFT as TIMID is to:

CAUTIOUS
SHY
NERVOUS
AUDACIOUS (Correct answer)

Correct answer: AUDACIOUS

Frugal and spendthrift are antonyms, so timid pairs with its antonym, audacious.

Question 62: Which of the following BEST distinguishes action research from traditional educational research?

Action research must undergo double-blind peer review before implementation
Action research is conducted by outside experts to advise practitioners
Action research uses larger sample sizes
Action research is practitioner-led and aimed at immediate improvement of local practice (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Action research is practitioner-led and aimed at immediate improvement of local practice

The defining feature of action research is that practitioners investigate their own settings with the goal of improving practice, not generating generalizable theory.

Question 63: A teacher in a high-poverty school assumes students cannot engage with complex texts due to their socioeconomic background. This exemplifies:

Trauma-informed practice
Deficit perspective (Correct answer)
Differentiated instruction
Culturally responsive scaffolding

Correct answer: Deficit perspective

A deficit perspective attributes academic limitations to students' backgrounds rather than addressing instructional or resource inequities.

Question 64: A middle school teacher assigns a podcast project where students research a topic and record an audio episode. Which 21st-century skill is primarily developed?

Memorization and recall of factual information
Standardized test-taking strategies
Communication and digital content creation (Correct answer)
Passive consumption of digital media

Correct answer: Communication and digital content creation

Creating a podcast requires students to research, synthesize information, script, and produce audio content, building communication and digital creation skills.

Question 65: SPANIEL : DOG :: SIAMESE : ?

BIRD
CAT (Correct answer)
FISH
MOUSE

Correct answer: CAT

A spaniel is a breed of dog, and a Siamese is a breed of cat.

Question 66: A rubric that describes performance levels using specific observable behaviors is called a(n):

Single-point rubric
Analytic rubric (Correct answer)
Holistic rubric
Checklist

Correct answer: Analytic rubric

Analytic rubrics break performance into distinct criteria, each rated on a descriptive scale.

Question 67: A teacher uses text-to-speech software during independent reading time. For which student population is this accommodation MOST commonly recommended?

Students with dyslexia or reading disabilities (Correct answer)
Students who are English language learners at the advanced level
Students with no identified learning needs
Students who are gifted and academically advanced

Correct answer: Students with dyslexia or reading disabilities

Text-to-speech technology helps students with dyslexia access written content by converting text to spoken words, bypassing decoding difficulties.

Question 68: When developing curriculum, 'scope' refers to:

The degree to which goals align with state standards
The breadth and depth of content covered at a given level (Correct answer)
The order in which content is presented over time
The pace at which material is delivered to students

Correct answer: The breadth and depth of content covered at a given level

Scope refers to the range, breadth, and depth of content and skills addressed in the curriculum at any given point.

Question 69: A district adopts a 'purchased' curriculum package with scripted lessons and pacing guides. This represents which type of curriculum?

Community-based curriculum
Adopted or mandated curriculum (Correct answer)
Teacher-developed curriculum
Emergent curriculum

Correct answer: Adopted or mandated curriculum

Adopted or mandated curriculum refers to commercially produced or district-required materials that teachers are expected to implement as designed.

Question 70: REFRIGERATOR : COOL :: OVEN : ?

Freeze
Heat (Correct answer)
Store
Clean

Correct answer: Heat

A refrigerator cools as an oven heats.

Question 71: COMMISERATE : SYMPATHY ::

confide : suspicion
free : coercion
discuss : admiration
surrender : hostility
revere : devotion (Correct answer)

Correct answer: revere : devotion

The relationship is 'To X is to express Y.' To commiserate means to express or feel sympathy for someone. Similarly, to revere means to express or feel deep respect and devotion towards someone or something.

Question 72: Which assessment type is MOST appropriate for measuring a student's ability to synthesize and evaluate complex information?

Spelling test
True/false quiz
Performance-based assessment with a rubric (Correct answer)
Multiple-choice test with recall questions

Correct answer: Performance-based assessment with a rubric

Performance-based assessments require students to demonstrate higher-order thinking skills such as synthesis and evaluation through complex tasks scored with rubrics.

Question 73: OIL : CANVAS :: WATERCOLOR : ?

Bronze
Paper (Correct answer)
Marble
Glass

Correct answer: Paper

Oil paint is commonly used on canvas as watercolor is used on paper.

Question 74: Hilda Taba's contribution to curriculum development is BEST characterized as:

Constructivist model based entirely on student choice
Grassroots model where teachers drive curriculum development (Correct answer)
Behaviorist model focused on measurable performance outcomes
Top-down model where administrators set curriculum goals

Correct answer: Grassroots model where teachers drive curriculum development

Taba advocated a grassroots, teacher-initiated approach where classroom teachers play the central role in developing curriculum.

Question 75: A teacher notices that two units taught by different grade-level colleagues cover the same standard in the same way. This is a problem of:

Vertical alignment
Curriculum redundancy (Correct answer)
Horizontal alignment
Scope and sequence

Correct answer: Curriculum redundancy

Curriculum redundancy occurs when the same content is unnecessarily repeated across courses or classrooms at the same level without intentional spiraling.

Question 76: EMBEZZLER : FUNDS ::

convict : sentence
opportunist : luck
poacher : game (Correct answer)
instigator : disturbance
traitor : enemy

Correct answer: poacher : game

The relationship is 'X illegally takes Y.' An embezzler is a person who illegally takes or appropriates funds entrusted to them. Correspondingly, a poacher is a person who illegally hunts or takes game.

Question 77: SUN : STAR :: MOON : ?

Asteroid
Satellite (Correct answer)
Comet
Planet

Correct answer: Satellite

The Sun is a star while the Moon is a natural satellite of Earth.

Question 78: Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan) identifies three core psychological needs that support intrinsic motivation. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Autonomy
Relatedness
Extrinsic reward (Correct answer)
Competence

Correct answer: Extrinsic reward

SDT posits that autonomy, competence, and relatedness are the three innate needs; extrinsic rewards can actually undermine intrinsic motivation.

Question 79: A teacher uses a digital rubric shared with students before an assignment. How does this practice primarily support learning?

It ensures all students produce identical work
It reduces the time needed for grading
It prevents students from asking clarifying questions
It provides students with clear criteria and expectations before they begin (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It provides students with clear criteria and expectations before they begin

Sharing rubrics in advance gives students transparent performance criteria, allowing them to self-regulate and target their work toward stated goals.

Question 80: MAGNET : IRON ::

spray : tree
hook : net
flame : bird
tank : fluid
sunlight : plant (Correct answer)

Correct answer: sunlight : plant

The relationship between MAGNET and IRON is that a MAGNET attracts IRON. Similarly, SUNLIGHT is absorbed and utilized by a PLANT for growth, indicating a vital attraction or drawing-in process. Both relationships involve one element being drawn to or actively utilizing another for its function or existence.

Question 81: A student repeatedly calls out answers without raising their hand, disrupting discussion. Which Assertive Discipline strategy is MOST appropriate first?

Ignore the behavior to avoid power struggles
Calmly state the expectation and apply a pre-established consequence (Correct answer)
Praise other students who raise their hands as indirect correction
Send the student to the principal immediately

Correct answer: Calmly state the expectation and apply a pre-established consequence

Assertive Discipline calls for teachers to clearly state expectations and consistently apply pre-established consequences.

Question 82: A teacher wants to ensure her action research findings are trustworthy. She shares drafts with colleagues and asks if interpretations make sense to them. This strategy is called:

Peer debriefing (Correct answer)
Triangulation
Member checking
Saturation

Correct answer: Peer debriefing

Peer debriefing involves an external colleague reviewing data and interpretations to challenge assumptions and improve credibility.

Question 83: SAIL : WIND :: SOLAR PANEL : ?

Sunlight (Correct answer)
Heat
Water
Wind

Correct answer: Sunlight

A sail captures wind for power as a solar panel captures sunlight for power.

Question 84: SOLID : DEFINITE SHAPE :: GAS : ?

Definite volume
Crystalline form
No definite shape (Correct answer)
Fixed mass only

Correct answer: No definite shape

Solids have a definite shape while gases have no definite shape or volume.

Question 85: AMBROSIA is to NECTAR as FOOD is to:

DRINK (Correct answer)
GODS
HEAVEN
FEAST

Correct answer: DRINK

Ambrosia is the food of the gods, and nectar is the drink, paralleling food and drink.

Question 86: ANTIDOTE : POSION ::

fertilizer : irrigation
radar ; frequency
lubricant : friction (Correct answer)
fuel : motion
sedative : relaxation

Correct answer: lubricant : friction

The relationship is 'X counteracts Y.' An antidote is a substance that counteracts the effects of a poison. Similarly, a lubricant is a substance used to reduce or counteract friction between moving surfaces.

Question 87: PREPOSTEROUS : COMMONSENSE::

justifiable : logic
illegal : law (Correct answer)
indelible : error
hilarious : laughter
chtonic : pain

Correct answer: illegal : law

The relationship between PREPOSTEROUS and COMMONSENSE is that something PREPOSTEROUS is contrary to or defies COMMONSENSE. Following this pattern, something ILLEGAL is contrary to or defies LAW. Both pairs describe an adjective that is in opposition to a fundamental concept or principle.

Question 88: A school uses Essential Questions as the organizing framework for all units. This practice is central to which curriculum design model?

The Tyler Rationale
Understanding by Design (UbD) (Correct answer)
Direct Instruction Model
Differentiated Instruction Framework

Correct answer: Understanding by Design (UbD)

Understanding by Design uses Essential Questions to frame units and drive inquiry toward enduring understandings.

Question 89: NATURE : GENES :: NURTURE : ?

Environment (Correct answer)
Heredity
Biology
Instinct

Correct answer: Environment

Nature refers to genes while nurture refers to environment.

Question 90: What is the importance of reflective practice for educators?

It is only required during teacher training
It only benefits new educators
It drives continuous improvement by analyzing the effectiveness of instructional choices (Correct answer)
It reduces instructional time unnecessarily

Correct answer: It drives continuous improvement by analyzing the effectiveness of instructional choices

Reflective practice drives continuous improvement by systematically analyzing instructional effectiveness and informing future teaching decisions.

Question 91: NOUN : WORD :: PARAGRAPH : ?

LETTER
PUNCTUATION
TEXT (Correct answer)
SENTENCE

Correct answer: TEXT

A noun is a kind of word, and a paragraph is a kind of text unit.

Question 92: FORMIDABLE : FEAR ::

dismal : cheer
intolerable : patience
grateful : regret
generous : pity
sickening : disgust (Correct answer)

Correct answer: sickening : disgust

The relationship between FORMIDABLE and FEAR is that something FORMIDABLE is likely to cause FEAR. In the same way, something SICKENING is likely to cause DISGUST. Both pairs link an adjective describing a quality to the specific emotion it typically evokes.

Question 93: NORM : EXPECTED BEHAVIOR :: ? : VIOLATION

Deviance (Correct answer)
Role
Status
Sanction

Correct answer: Deviance

A norm is expected behavior, while deviance is its violation.

Question 94: During a cooperative learning activity, a teacher notices one student is doing all the work while others are disengaged. The best immediate response is to:

Assign clear individual roles within the group (Correct answer)
Praise the working student publicly
End the cooperative activity and resume lecture
Reassign the disengaged students to individual work

Correct answer: Assign clear individual roles within the group

Assigning individual roles ensures each group member has specific accountability, promoting genuine participation in cooperative tasks.

Question 95: BROOM : SWEEP :: SHOVEL : ?

Wash
Cut
Dig (Correct answer)
Paint

Correct answer: Dig

A broom is used to sweep as a shovel is used to dig.

Question 96: A teacher uses short video clips, text passages, and hands-on models to teach the same concept. This approach reflects which principle?

Single-modality instruction
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) (Correct answer)
Standardized curriculum delivery
Direct instruction only

Correct answer: Universal Design for Learning (UDL)

UDL advocates offering multiple means of representation so all learners can access content through varied formats.

Question 97: A teacher plans a unit that begins with a whole-class concept introduction, then moves to small-group exploration, and ends with individual application. This sequence reflects which instructional model?

Flipped classroom model
Project-Based Learning cycle
Socratic Seminar method
Gradual Release of Responsibility (I Do, We Do, You Do) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Gradual Release of Responsibility (I Do, We Do, You Do)

The Gradual Release of Responsibility model moves instruction from teacher-led demonstration, to collaborative practice, to independent student application.

Question 98: PILLAR : BUILDING :: SPINE : ?

Muscle
Body (Correct answer)
Skull
Nerve

Correct answer: Body

A pillar supports a building as the spine supports the body.

Question 99: HAMMER : CONSTRUCT :: SCALPEL : _______

Diagnose
Incise (Correct answer)
Destroy
Measure

Correct answer: Incise

The relationship is that of a tool to its primary function. A hammer is a tool used to construct things. A scalpel is a surgical tool used to incise, or make a cut. While a scalpel might be used in a process that could be seen as destructive in some contexts, its specific, primary function in a medical or biological setting is to make a precise incision.

Question 100: PALETTE : PAINTER :: STAVE : ?

Composer (Correct answer)
Poet
Architect
Sculptor

Correct answer: Composer

A painter arranges colors on a palette as a composer writes notes on a stave.

Question 101: What is the primary purpose of a learning management system (LMS) such as Canvas or Schoology in a K–12 setting?

To generate standardized test scores
To provide hardware support for student devices
To replace the teacher with automated instruction
To organize course content, assignments, grades, and communication in one platform (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To organize course content, assignments, grades, and communication in one platform

An LMS centralizes course materials, assignments, assessments, and teacher-student communication within a single digital environment.

Question 102: A teacher designs tasks that are novel, challenging, and slightly ambiguous. This design primarily targets which motivational construct?

Identified regulation
Introjected regulation
Extrinsic contingency
Situational interest (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Situational interest

Situational interest is triggered by features of the environment—novelty, challenge, and personal relevance—that catch and hold attention.

Question 103: MAVERICK is to CONFORMITY as REBEL is to:

CHANGE
PROTEST
OBEDIENCE (Correct answer)
FREEDOM

Correct answer: OBEDIENCE

A maverick rejects conformity, and a rebel rejects obedience.

Question 104: An action researcher codes her interview transcripts by identifying recurring words and ideas across multiple responses. This qualitative analysis process is called:

Cronbach's alpha
Descriptive statistics
Open coding (Correct answer)
Frequency distribution

Correct answer: Open coding

Open coding is the initial qualitative step of labeling segments of data with conceptual tags to identify patterns and themes.

Question 105: Which national-level influence had the MOST significant impact on pushing states toward adopting common academic standards in the US?

Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
Race to the Top competitive grants
The Common Core State Standards Initiative (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The Common Core State Standards Initiative

The Common Core State Standards Initiative led to voluntary adoption of shared K-12 academic standards in English and math across most US states.

Question 106: 100 is to 10 as 144 is to:

14
12 (Correct answer)
11
72

Correct answer: 12

Each first term is the square of the second, and 12 squared is 144.

Question 107: DALI : SURREALISM :: MONET : ______

ROMANTICISM
IMPRESSIONISM (Correct answer)
REALISM
CUBISM

Correct answer: IMPRESSIONISM

The analogy links a prominent artist to the art movement they are most associated with. Salvador Dalí is a key figure in Surrealism, just as Claude Monet is a leading figure in Impressionism.

Question 108: A student says, 'I study math because it will help me become an engineer.' This represents which type of motivation in SDT?

Introjected regulation
Identified regulation (Correct answer)
Intrinsic motivation
External regulation

Correct answer: Identified regulation

Identified regulation occurs when the student personally values the activity as a means to a self-endorsed goal, even if the activity itself isn't enjoyable.

Question 109: Why is it important to differentiate instruction?

It ensures all students receive the same instruction.
It allows students to work at their own pace.
It caters to different learning styles and needs (Correct answer)
It makes the lesson less structured.

Correct answer: It caters to different learning styles and needs

Differentiating instruction is important because it caters to the diverse learning styles, readiness levels, and needs of all students in a classroom. Recognizing that students learn in different ways, teachers can adjust content, process, products, and learning environments to ensure every student can access the curriculum and achieve success. This approach promotes equity and maximizes individual student growth.

Question 110: Which of the following is a primary concern when using standardized tests to evaluate English Language Learners?

Standardized tests are never valid for ELL populations
ELL students must be exempt from all standardized testing
Language proficiency may confound content knowledge scores (Correct answer)
ELL students score higher due to translation support

Correct answer: Language proficiency may confound content knowledge scores

Language barriers can prevent ELL students from demonstrating true content mastery, threatening construct validity.

Question 111: HABIT : CUSTOMARY ::

concern : commendatory
reflex : involuntary (Correct answer)
response : coordinated
performance : descriptive
impulse : corrective

Correct answer: reflex : involuntary

The relationship between HABIT and CUSTOMARY is that a HABIT is an action or behavior that is CUSTOMARY (usual or habitual). Similarly, a REFLEX is an action that is INVOLUNTARY (done without conscious control). Both pairs link a type of action to its defining characteristic.

Question 112: GAGGLE is to GEESE as PRIDE is to:

FISH
LIONS (Correct answer)
CROWS
WOLVES

Correct answer: LIONS

A gaggle is a group of geese, and a pride is a group of lions.

Question 113: When a teacher uses think-alouds to model reading comprehension strategies, the teacher is primarily demonstrating:

Independent practice routines
Metacognitive strategy instruction (Correct answer)
Summative assessment methods
Cooperative learning techniques

Correct answer: Metacognitive strategy instruction

Think-alouds make the teacher's thought process visible, directly modeling metacognitive strategies students should internalize for their own reading.

Question 114: Poseidon : Triton :: Zeus :

Rhea
Perseus (Correct answer)
Lighting
. Olympus

Correct answer: Perseus

This analogy establishes a 'Greek God : Son of that God' relationship. Triton is a sea god in Greek mythology, known as the son of Poseidon. Following this pattern, Perseus is a famous hero in Greek mythology, widely recognized as one of the sons of Zeus, the king of the gods.

Question 115: A teacher wants students to evaluate the credibility of websites. Which skill is being developed?

Hardware maintenance and troubleshooting
Digital literacy and information evaluation (Correct answer)
Computer programming and coding
Keyboarding and typing fluency

Correct answer: Digital literacy and information evaluation

Evaluating website credibility is a core component of digital literacy, specifically the ability to critically assess online information sources.

Question 116: What is reflective journaling in teaching?

It’s a method of tracking student assignments.
It’s a method for tracking school events.
It’s a system for grading student work.
It’s a tool for self-reflection on teaching practices (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It’s a tool for self-reflection on teaching practices

Reflective journaling involves teachers regularly writing about their classroom experiences, observations, challenges, and successes. This personal writing process encourages deep introspection and critical analysis of their teaching methods and their impact on students. It serves as a valuable tool for processing thoughts, identifying patterns, and planning future improvements in their practice.

Question 117: A teacher uses learning menus that let students choose from a list of activities to demonstrate mastery. This approach MOST directly honors which dimension of differentiated instruction?

Content differentiation
Product differentiation (Correct answer)
Environment differentiation
Process differentiation

Correct answer: Product differentiation

Product differentiation gives students choice in how they demonstrate their learning, acknowledging varied strengths and interests while targeting the same standards.

Question 118: Which of the following is the defining feature of mastery learning as an instructional approach?

Students advance based on age and grade level regardless of performance
Students must demonstrate proficiency before moving to the next unit (Correct answer)
Assessments are only given at the end of the school year
Teachers deliver the same instruction at the same pace for all learners

Correct answer: Students must demonstrate proficiency before moving to the next unit

Mastery learning, associated with Benjamin Bloom, requires students to achieve a set proficiency level before progressing, using corrective instruction for those who don't.

Question 119: How does peer feedback contribute to reflective teaching?

It provides external insights that complement self-reflection (Correct answer)
It focuses only on student behavior management.
It focuses solely on student performance.
It is unnecessary for teacher growth.

Correct answer: It provides external insights that complement self-reflection

While self-reflection is vital, peer feedback offers an external perspective that can highlight aspects of teaching a teacher might overlook. Colleagues can observe lessons, offer constructive criticism, share alternative strategies, and provide validation. This collaborative input enriches a teacher's understanding of their practice, complementing their own self-assessment and fostering professional growth.

Question 120: What is differentiated instruction?

Teaching the same content the same way to all learners
Lowering standards for struggling learners
Separating learners by ability into different groups permanently
Adapting teaching methods and materials to address diverse learner needs and abilities (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Adapting teaching methods and materials to address diverse learner needs and abilities

Differentiated instruction adapts methods, materials, and assessments to address diverse learner needs while maintaining high expectations for all.

Miller Analogies Test (MAT)

The MAT is a high-level mental ability test requiring the solution of 120 analogies in 60 minutes. It assesses analytical thinking and general academic knowledge.

120

Questions

60 min

Time Limit

To Pass

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