Communication & Collaboration Flashcards
7 cards from real Mandela Effect Quiz practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Communication & Collaboration flashcards as text
Who coined the term "Mandela Effect"?
Answer: Fiona Broome
Paranormal researcher Fiona Broome coined the term after discussing false memories of Nelson Mandela's death.
Roughly when was the term "Mandela Effect" coined?
Answer: 2009
Broome introduced the term around 2009 after a conversation at a convention.
What is it called when people's recollections change to match what others in a group report?
Answer: Memory conformity
Memory conformity (social contagion of memory) occurs when co-witnesses adopt each other's details.
Forgetting where you learned something and wrongly crediting another source is called what?
Answer: Source monitoring error
A source monitoring error misattributes the origin of a memory or fact.
Unintentionally filling memory gaps with fabricated but believed details is known as what?
Answer: Confabulation
Confabulation produces sincere but false memories without intent to deceive.
In Loftus and Palmer's study, how did wording like "smashed" versus "hit" affect witnesses?
Answer: Higher speed estimates for "smashed"
Leading verbs like "smashed" led witnesses to estimate higher speeds, showing how communication alters memory.
Which concept describes mental frameworks that make us expect details and can fill in a memory incorrectly?
Answer: Schema
Schemas guide expectations and can lead us to recall details that fit but never occurred.
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