MACE Medical Reactions or Conditions 4

Question 1

Which medication reaction involves the immune system producing IgE antibodies upon first exposure and triggering symptoms upon re-exposure?

Accepted Answer

Type I hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reaction

Answer

Type I hypersensitivity is IgE-mediated, with sensitization on first exposure and rapid symptom onset (urticaria, anaphylaxis) on re-exposure.

Question 2

A resident on lithium for bipolar disorder shows coarse hand tremors, confusion, and vomiting. The medication aide should suspect:

Accepted Answer

Lithium toxicity

Answer

Coarse tremor, confusion, and GI symptoms in a lithium-treated patient indicate toxicity, which is a medical emergency due to lithium's narrow therapeutic index.

Question 3

A resident taking a calcium channel blocker develops ankle swelling without signs of infection. This is MOST likely:

Accepted Answer

Peripheral edema, a common side effect of calcium channel blockers

Answer

Peripheral edema, particularly ankle swelling, is a well-known and common side effect of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers due to vasodilation.

Question 4

Which sign best distinguishes hypoglycemia from hyperglycemia in a diabetic resident?

Accepted Answer

Diaphoresis and shakiness suggest hypoglycemia; increased thirst suggests hyperglycemia

Answer

Diaphoresis (sweating) and shakiness are adrenergic signs of hypoglycemia; hyperglycemia produces polydipsia and polyuria with gradual onset.

Question 5

A resident who recently started an antipsychotic medication is holding his neck in an awkward twisted position and appears distressed. This most likely indicates:

Accepted Answer

Acute dystonia, an extrapyramidal side effect

Answer

Acute dystonia (involuntary muscle contractions causing abnormal posturing) is a well-known extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications.

MACE - Exam Prep Practice Test

MACE - Exam Prep Practice Test

MACE Medical Reactions or Conditions 4