MAAP Biology 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because it produces ATP?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Chloroplast
Correct answer: Mitochondria
The mitochondria carry out cellular respiration to produce ATP, the cell's primary energy molecule.
Question 2: What is the correct order of biological organization from smallest to largest?
- Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism (Correct answer)
- Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organism → Organ System
- Organ → Cell → Tissue → Organ System → Organism
- Cell → Organ → Tissue → Organ System → Organism
Correct answer: Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism
Biological organization proceeds from cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.
Question 3: Which process do plants use to convert sunlight into glucose?
- Cellular respiration
- Fermentation
- Photosynthesis (Correct answer)
- Transpiration
Correct answer: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis uses light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen in plant cells.
Question 4: DNA replication ensures that each new cell receives:
- Half the original DNA
- A completely new DNA strand
- An identical copy of the original DNA (Correct answer)
- Only the parental strand
Correct answer: An identical copy of the original DNA
DNA replication produces two identical copies so each daughter cell receives a full, identical set of DNA.
Question 5: Which base pairs with adenine (A) in a DNA molecule?
- Guanine
- Cytosine
- Thymine (Correct answer)
- Uracil
Correct answer: Thymine
In DNA, adenine always pairs with thymine (A-T), while guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C).
Question 6: What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
- To produce energy for the cell
- To regulate what enters and exits the cell (Correct answer)
- To store genetic information
- To synthesize proteins
Correct answer: To regulate what enters and exits the cell
The cell membrane is selectively permeable and controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
MAAP Biology 1
Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because it produces ATP?