Science Assessment Flashcards

Which process describes water moving from the soil into plant roots and eventually evaporating from leaves?

Answer: Transpiration

Transpiration is the process by which plants absorb water and release it as vapor through their leaves.

An atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Which element is this?

Answer: Carbon

An atom with 6 protons is carbon, as the number of protons defines the element.

Which wave property determines the pitch (highness or lowness) of a sound?

Answer: Frequency

Frequency determines pitch; higher frequency sound waves produce higher-pitched sounds.

A scientist tests whether fertilizer affects plant growth. She grows 20 plants with fertilizer and 20 without. The group without fertilizer is called the:

Answer: Control group

The control group receives no treatment (no fertilizer) and serves as a baseline for comparison.

Michigan's Great Lakes were largely formed by which geological process?

Answer: Glacial erosion and retreat

The Great Lakes basins were carved out by advancing glaciers and filled with water as the glaciers melted.

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy (ATP) in animal cells through cellular respiration?

Answer: Mitochondria

Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration, converting glucose and oxygen into ATP energy.

A metal spoon placed in hot soup feels warm after a few seconds. Heat transferred through the spoon is an example of:

Answer: Conduction

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, such as a spoon in hot liquid.