Nutrition & Diet Therapy Flashcards
7 cards from real LVN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Nutrition & Diet Therapy flashcards as text
A patient with gout should be instructed to LIMIT intake of which foods?
Answer: Organ meats and shellfish
Organ meats and shellfish are high in purines, which metabolize to uric acid and can trigger gout attacks.
The LVN notes a patient's albumin level is 2.8 g/dL. This finding MOST likely indicates:
Answer: Protein-calorie malnutrition
Serum albumin below 3.5 g/dL indicates protein-calorie malnutrition, as albumin is a marker of visceral protein stores.
Which dietary modification is MOST appropriate for a patient with dumping syndrome after gastric surgery?
Answer: Eat small, frequent meals and avoid simple sugars
Small, frequent meals and avoiding simple sugars slow gastric emptying and reduce dumping syndrome symptoms.
A patient is prescribed a high-fiber diet. Which foods should the LVN recommend to INCREASE dietary fiber?
Answer: Whole grains, legumes, and raw vegetables
Whole grains, legumes, and raw vegetables are rich in both soluble and insoluble fiber.
Which electrolyte imbalance is a common complication of nasogastric suctioning?
Answer: Hypokalemia
NG suctioning removes gastric contents rich in hydrochloric acid and potassium, leading to hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis.
Which vitamin is synthesized by the body when skin is exposed to sunlight?
Answer: Vitamin D
Ultraviolet B radiation from sunlight converts 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin to vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).
A patient with lactose intolerance needs adequate calcium intake. The BEST alternative calcium source for this patient is:
Answer: Fortified soy milk and leafy greens
Fortified soy milk and leafy greens like kale and bok choy provide calcium without the lactose found in dairy products.