Pediatric Nursing Flashcards

A 2-year-old is brought to the clinic with a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and low-grade fever. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

Answer: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

The classic 'barking' or 'seal-like' cough with inspiratory stridor and low-grade fever in a toddler indicates croup.

The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant. Which finding would be considered a normal developmental milestone?

Answer: Holding head steady when upright

Head control with steady head when held upright is a normal milestone achieved around 3–4 months of age.

A child with sickle cell disease is admitted in vaso-occlusive crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Answer: Provide IV hydration and pain management

IV hydration dilutes sickled cells and restores blood flow, while pain management addresses the primary symptom of vaso-occlusive crisis.

A nurse is caring for a child with Wilms' tumor. Which nursing action is most important?

Answer: Post a sign prohibiting abdominal palpation

Excessive palpation of a Wilms' tumor can cause rupture and spread of cancer cells, so the abdomen must not be palpated.

Which immunization is recommended for all infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age according to the US childhood immunization schedule?

Answer: DTaP

DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis) is given at 2, 4, and 6 months as part of the primary immunization series.

A 6-year-old is prescribed 250 mg of amoxicillin oral suspension (125 mg/5 mL). How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

Answer: 10 mL

250 mg ÷ 125 mg/5 mL = 10 mL per dose.

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement by a parent indicates understanding of hypoglycemia management?

Answer: 'I will give 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate if the blood sugar is below 70.'

The '15-15 rule' states to give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate when blood glucose is below 70 mg/dL and recheck in 15 minutes.