LSIT Surveying Principles and Practices 4

Question 1

What is the key distinction between 'geographic north' and 'magnetic north' that a surveyor must account for?

Accepted Answer

Geographic north is the direction of the Earth's rotational axis; magnetic north varies with location and time due to the Earth's magnetic field

Answer

Geographic (true) north aligns with Earth's rotational axis, while magnetic north varies spatially and temporally; the difference is called magnetic declination.

Question 2

In horizontal curve design, what does the term 'degree of curve' (arc definition) represent?

Accepted Answer

The central angle subtended by a 100-ft arc

Answer

Under the arc definition, degree of curve (D) is the central angle subtending a 100-ft arc; radius R = 5729.58 / D.

Question 3

A surveyor discovers that the recorded deed calls conflict with the physical occupation lines on the ground. Which evidence generally takes the highest priority in resolving the conflict?

Accepted Answer

Original survey monuments on the ground

Answer

Original monuments set by the original survey take highest priority because they represent the intent of the original surveyor; calls, distances, and area follow in descending order.

Question 4

What is the effect of atmospheric refraction on a line of sight in leveling?

Accepted Answer

It bends the line of sight upward, causing the computed elevation to be too high

Answer

Atmospheric refraction curves the line of sight upward, making distant objects appear higher than they are, so rod readings appear smaller and computed elevations appear too high.

Question 5

Which RTK GNSS technique uses a single fixed base station and can accumulate positional error with distance from the base?

Accepted Answer

Conventional RTK

Answer

Conventional RTK uses one base station and accuracy degrades with baseline length (roughly 1 ppm), while Network RTK uses multiple reference stations to mitigate this effect.

(LSIT) Land Surveyor in Training Practice Test

(LSIT) Land Surveyor in Training Practice Test

LSIT Surveying Principles and Practices 4