Surveying Principles and Practices Flashcards

What is the primary purpose of using a total station in land surveying?

Answer: To measure angles and distances between points with high precision

A total station is an electronic/optical instrument used in modern surveying. Its primary function is to accurately measure both horizontal and vertical angles, as well as slope distances, between points. These precise measurements are fundamental for creating detailed maps, establishing control networks, and laying out construction projects with high accuracy.

In a boundary survey, what is the purpose of conducting a "title search"?

Answer: To find historical records and legal descriptions of property boundaries

A title search is a crucial step in a boundary survey, involving a thorough examination of public records. Its purpose is to uncover the chain of ownership, easements, and most importantly, the legal descriptions and historical documents that define the precise limits of a property. This research helps the surveyor accurately re-establish and confirm the property lines according to legal documentation.

What does the term "bench mark" refer to in surveying?

Answer: A reference point of known elevation used for leveling

A bench mark is a permanent physical marker, often a brass disk set in concrete, whose exact elevation above a specific datum (like sea level) has been precisely determined. Surveyors use these established points as a starting or reference point for leveling operations. This ensures consistency and accuracy when determining the relative elevations of other points on the land.

When performing a traverse survey, why is it important to close the traverse loop?

Answer: To confirm the accuracy of the measurements by ensuring that the starting and ending points match

Closing a traverse loop means that the survey measurements return to the starting point or connect to another known control point. This closure allows surveyors to calculate the misclosure, which indicates the overall error in the angular and linear measurements. By analyzing and adjusting this misclosure, the accuracy and precision of the entire survey can be confirmed and improved.

Which of the following is a common method for measuring horizontal angles in land surveying?

Answer: Using a theodolite or total station

Theodolites and total stations are specialized optical instruments designed for precise measurement of angles in surveying. A theodolite measures horizontal and vertical angles, while a total station integrates this with electronic distance measurement. These instruments provide the high accuracy required for establishing control points and mapping features in land surveying.