Human Growth and Development Flashcards

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, a parent-teacher conference about a child's progress is an example of the:

Answer: Mesosystem

The mesosystem is the set of connections between a child's microsystems, such as home and school.

A child's stress increases after a parent's employer requires mandatory night shifts. In Bronfenbrenner's model, the employer is part of the child's:

Answer: Exosystem

The exosystem includes settings the child does not take part in directly but that still affect the child.

In Bandura's Bobo doll study, children who watched an adult hit a doll later imitated the behavior. This shows:

Answer: Observational learning

Social learning theory holds that people learn behaviors by watching and imitating models, even without direct reinforcement.

Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory of moral development mainly because it:

Answer: Was based mostly on male participants and overlooked an ethic of care

Gilligan argued that Kohlberg's justice-based model, developed with male participants, undervalued care- and relationship-based moral reasoning.

According to Freud, the Oedipus complex arises in which psychosexual stage?

Answer: Phallic

Freud placed the Oedipus complex in the phallic stage, about ages 3 to 6.

Research on resilience in children exposed to adversity most consistently names which protective factor?

Answer: A stable, caring relationship with at least one supportive adult

A secure, supportive relationship with at least one adult is one of the strongest buffers against the effects of adversity.

A client grieves the death of her ex-husband, but others dismiss her grief because they divorced years ago. This is best described as:

Answer: Disenfranchised grief

Disenfranchised grief is a loss that is not openly acknowledged or socially supported.