Ultimate Flashcards

A patient on warfarin reports eating large amounts of leafy green vegetables daily. What is the primary concern?

Answer: Decreased anticoagulant effect due to high vitamin K intake

Vitamin K antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect, so high intake of leafy greens can decrease INR and increase clot risk.

When performing a sterile dressing change, the LPN accidentally touches the sterile field with an ungloved hand. What is the correct action?

Answer: Discard the contaminated supplies and obtain a new sterile setup

Any break in sterile technique requires discarding contaminated materials and starting fresh to prevent infection.

A patient's oxygen saturation drops to 88% while sleeping. Which position change should the LPN implement first?

Answer: High Fowler's position

High Fowler's position (60–90°) maximizes lung expansion and improves oxygenation by reducing pressure on the diaphragm.

A patient with end-stage renal disease is prescribed aluminum hydroxide antacids. What is the therapeutic purpose in this population?

Answer: Binding dietary phosphate in the GI tract

In ESRD, aluminum hydroxide binds phosphate in the gut to reduce hyperphosphatemia, a common complication of renal failure.

Which assessment finding in a postoperative patient requires immediate reporting to the charge nurse?

Answer: Blood pressure of 88/52 mmHg

A blood pressure of 88/52 mmHg indicates hypotension, a sign of possible hemorrhage or shock requiring immediate intervention.

A patient receiving enteral tube feedings develops diarrhea. Which intervention should the LPN implement first?

Answer: Check the rate and concentration of the formula

Verifying the rate and concentration of formula is the first step, as too rapid infusion or hypertonic formula commonly causes diarrhea.

During a blood transfusion, the patient develops chills, fever, and low back pain 15 minutes into the infusion. The LPN's priority action is to:

Answer: Stop the transfusion and maintain IV access with normal saline

Signs of a transfusion reaction require immediately stopping the blood and maintaining IV access with normal saline while notifying the provider.