Pharmacology & Treatment Protocols Flashcards

What is the recommended initial IV bolus for a symptomatic hypoglycemic newborn?

Answer: D10W 2 mL/kg

A 10% dextrose bolus of 2 mL/kg (200 mg/kg) is standard, followed by a continuous glucose infusion.

Which drug is first-line for treating neonatal seizures?

Answer: Phenobarbital

Phenobarbital is the first-line agent, typically loaded at 20 mg/kg IV.

Which finding suggests digoxin toxicity in an infant?

Answer: Bradycardia with vomiting and arrhythmia

Digoxin toxicity presents with bradycardia, arrhythmias, vomiting, and feeding intolerance.

Rapid vancomycin infusion in a neonate can cause which reaction?

Answer: Red man syndrome with flushing and hypotension

Rapid infusion causes histamine release, so vancomycin should be infused over at least 60 minutes.

A neonate with suspected herpes simplex virus infection should be treated empirically with which drug?

Answer: Acyclovir

IV acyclovir is started empirically for suspected neonatal HSV, with attention to hydration and renal function.

Which medication is appropriate for oral thrush in a stable newborn?

Answer: Nystatin oral suspension

Nystatin suspension applied to the oral mucosa treats oral candidiasis.

What is the target glucose infusion rate range often used to maintain euglycemia in a hypoglycemic newborn?

Answer: 6 to 8 mg/kg/min

Maintenance infusions typically start at 6 to 8 mg/kg/min and are titrated to glucose values.