Pharmacology & Treatment Protocols Flashcards
7 cards from real Low Risk Neonatal Nurse Exam practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pharmacology & Treatment Protocols flashcards as text
Why are aminoglycoside dosing intervals extended in preterm neonates?
Answer: Immature renal clearance prolongs drug half-life
Immature glomerular filtration slows aminoglycoside elimination, so longer intervals prevent accumulation and toxicity.
Which pair of antibiotics is the standard empiric therapy for early-onset neonatal sepsis?
Answer: Ampicillin and gentamicin
Ampicillin plus gentamicin covers Group B Streptococcus, E. coli, and Listeria, the most common early-onset pathogens.
What is the purpose of giving vitamin K intramuscularly to newborns at birth?
Answer: Prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding
Newborns have low vitamin K stores and sterile guts, so IM vitamin K prevents hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is given at birth primarily to prevent infection from which organism?
Answer: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ocular prophylaxis is mandated to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum, classically caused by gonorrhea.
A medically stable 2,500 g newborn of an HBsAg-negative mother should receive the first hepatitis B vaccine dose when?
Answer: Within 24 hours of birth
Current guidance recommends the birth dose within 24 hours for medically stable infants weighing at least 2,000 g.
Which nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic combination is appropriate for pain relief during a heel stick in a term newborn?
Answer: Oral 24% sucrose with non-nutritive sucking
Oral sucrose combined with non-nutritive sucking is evidence-based for minor procedural pain in neonates.
Why is naloxone generally avoided in an infant born to an opioid-dependent mother?
Answer: It can precipitate acute withdrawal and seizures
Naloxone can abruptly trigger withdrawal seizures in opioid-exposed infants, so ventilation support is preferred.
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