Grammar and Syntax Flashcards

In LOTE assessments, which grammatical feature is used to indicate that an action was completed before another past action?

Answer: Past perfect tense

The past perfect tense (e.g., 'had spoken') indicates an action completed before another past action.

Which type of clause provides additional information that is NOT essential to the sentence's meaning and is set off by commas?

Answer: Non-restrictive clause

Non-restrictive (non-essential) clauses add extra information and are set off by commas, unlike restrictive clauses.

In a target language other than English, what grammatical concept refers to the matching of a verb's form with its subject in number and person?

Answer: Agreement

Agreement (or concord) requires verbs, adjectives, or pronouns to match their subjects or nouns in number, gender, or person.

What is a subordinate conjunction's primary role in a complex sentence?

Answer: To introduce a dependent clause and show its relationship to the main clause

A subordinate conjunction (e.g., 'because', 'although') introduces a dependent clause and expresses its logical relationship to the main clause.

Which sentence correctly uses the subjunctive mood?

Answer: It is important that he be on time.

The subjunctive mood is correctly used in 'It is important that he be on time,' expressing necessity or desire.

In LOTE contexts, what is 'aspect' as a grammatical category?

Answer: How an action extends over time (complete vs. ongoing)

Grammatical aspect indicates whether an action is viewed as complete (perfective) or ongoing/habitual (imperfective), distinct from tense.