Grammar and Syntax Flashcards

Which of the following is an example of a conditional sentence expressing an unreal present situation?

Answer: If she studied, she would pass.

Second conditional sentences (If + past simple, would + infinitive) describe unreal or hypothetical present situations.

What does the term 'passive voice' mean in grammar?

Answer: The subject receives the action

In the passive voice, the grammatical subject receives the action rather than performing it (e.g., 'The book was read by her').

In language study, what is an 'infinitive'?

Answer: The base form of a verb, often preceded by 'to' in English

The infinitive is the base, unconjugated form of a verb, often appearing with 'to' in English (e.g., 'to speak').

Which grammatical term describes a word that modifies a noun or pronoun?

Answer: Adjective

An adjective modifies a noun or pronoun by describing its qualities, quantity, or state.

What is the function of a relative pronoun such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'that' in a sentence?

Answer: To introduce a relative clause that modifies a noun

Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses that provide more information about a noun already mentioned.

In many LOTE languages, what is 'grammatical gender'?

Answer: A classification system assigning nouns to categories like masculine, feminine, or neuter

Grammatical gender is a classification of nouns into categories (masculine, feminine, neuter) that affects agreement with adjectives and pronouns.