LNAT Science 2

Question 1

A scientific study reports that patients who took Drug X recovered 30% faster than those on a placebo. Which of the following would most weaken this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The patients who received Drug X also received more frequent nursing check-ins

Answer

If patients on Drug X also received more nursing attention, the faster recovery could be attributed to that care rather than the drug itself.

Question 2

A passage states: 'All controlled experiments must have a control group.' A researcher conducts an experiment comparing three different fertilizers with no untreated group. Which best describes this experiment?

Accepted Answer

It violates the stated principle by having no untreated baseline

Answer

The stated principle requires a control group, and the experiment has none, directly violating the condition.

Question 3

A scientist claims that a newly discovered chemical reduces air pollution by neutralizing nitrogen oxides. To best support this claim, the next step should be:

Accepted Answer

Conducting peer-reviewed laboratory trials measuring nitrogen oxide levels before and after treatment

Answer

Peer-reviewed laboratory trials with measurable before-and-after data provide the strongest empirical evidence for the chemical's claimed effect.

Question 4

A graph shows that ice cream sales and drowning incidents both rise in summer. A commentator concludes that ice cream causes drowning. This error is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Confusing correlation with causation due to a common cause

Answer

Both variables are driven by hot weather (a confounding variable), so their correlation does not imply a causal relationship.

Question 5

In a clinical trial, 200 patients are split equally between a new antibiotic and a standard one. After 14 days, 85 patients in the new group recovered versus 80 in the standard group. Which statement is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

The result suggests a possible advantage but statistical significance must be determined

Answer

A five-patient difference in a group of 100 may or may not be statistically significant, so further analysis is required before drawing strong conclusions.

LNAT - Law National Aptitude Test Practice Test

LNAT - Law National Aptitude Test Practice Test

LNAT Science 2