LLM Cheat Sheet 2026

The 30 highest-yield LLM facts, distilled from real exam questions. Print it, save it as a PDF, or study it here — free, no sign-up.

1. A person who is being detained must complete all but one of the following: → Make a statement
2. Which doctrine holds that a court will not adjudicate a constitutional question when the outcome of the case can be resolved on other grounds? → Constitutional Avoidance Doctrine
3. In patent law, the written description requirement ensures that: → The inventor actually possessed the claimed invention at the time of filing
4. The 'eggshell skull' (or 'thin skull') rule in tort law provides that: → A defendant takes the plaintiff as they find them, including pre-existing vulnerabilities
5. In Canada, less serious transgressions are recognized as: → Summary conviction
6. When an accused signs a commitment to appear, also known as: → Peace bond
7. The 'nationality of claims' rule in diplomatic protection provides that: → A state may only bring an international claim on behalf of its nationals
8. Intentional infliction of emotional distress (IIED) requires that the defendant's conduct be: → Extreme and outrageous
9. What is 'anticipatory repudiation' in contract law? → A party's clear statement before the performance date that it will not perform
10. Under the 'coming and going' rule in vicarious liability, an employer is generally NOT liable for torts committed by employees: → While commuting to and from work
11. Which test does the Supreme Court apply to laws that burden fundamental rights or involve suspect classifications? → Strict Scrutiny
12. The 'incorporation doctrine' refers to which constitutional development? → Applying Bill of Rights protections to states via the Fourteenth Amendment
13. Which amendment to the US Constitution abolished slavery? → Thirteenth Amendment
14. Under common law, the 'mirror image rule' provides that an acceptance must: → Match the terms of the offer exactly without alteration
15. The rationale for a criminal act's commission. → Motive
16. The need for the guilty mentality in criminal law. → Men's rea
17. Which remedy places the non-breaching party in the position they would have been in had the contract been fully performed? → Expectation Damages
18. Any murder committed while committing a specific felony, including arson, rape, robbery, or burglary. → Felony murder
19. Under the New York Convention (1958), contracting states are obligated to: → Recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards subject to limited exceptions
20. The 'work product doctrine' protects from discovery materials prepared: → By an attorney in anticipation of litigation
21. The non-delegation doctrine limits Congress's ability to do which of the following? → Transfer legislative power to executive agencies without intelligible principles
22. Under the UCC, the 'implied warranty of merchantability' is breached when goods: → Are not fit for the ordinary purposes for which such goods are used
23. The principle of 'non-refoulement' in international refugee law prohibits states from: → Returning a refugee to a territory where they would face persecution
24. What sort of social setting is most likely to make informal negative punishments an effective social control tool? → large cities in modern nation states like the United States
25. Which element is NOT required to establish a prima facie case of negligence? → Malicious intent
26. Which type of intellectual property protection is most appropriate for the ornamental design of a functional article? → Design Patent
27. Which doctrine holds that a landowner owes the highest duty of care to individuals on their property? → Business invitees
28. Under contract law, what is 'novation'? → A substitution of a new party or obligation that discharges the original contract
29. The DMCA's 'safe harbor' provision protects online service providers from copyright liability if they: → Expeditiously remove infringing content upon notice and lack knowledge of infringement
30. Which constitutional provision grants Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce? → Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8)