Linux+ Linux+ System Monitoring and Logging 2

Question 1

Which command displays real-time disk I/O statistics per process?

Accepted Answer

iotop

Answer

iostat -x

Answer

vmstat -d

Answer

dstat --disk

Question 2

In journald, which option to journalctl shows only kernel messages?

Accepted Answer

-k

Answer

-u kernel

Answer

--kernel-only

Answer

-f kernel

Question 3

A sysadmin wants to monitor network bandwidth usage per interface in real time. Which tool is best suited?

Accepted Answer

nload

Answer

netstat -s

Answer

ss -t

Answer

ip -s link

Question 4

What does the 'wa' field represent in the output of the top command?

Accepted Answer

CPU time spent waiting for I/O

Answer

Waiting processes in run queue

Answer

Web application CPU usage

Answer

Wakeup events per second

Question 5

Which rsyslog directive sets the maximum log file size before rotation is triggered?

Accepted Answer

$outchannel with size limit

Answer

$MaxFileSize

Answer

rotate size

Answer

$FileOwner

Question 6

Which command shows the number of file descriptors currently open by all processes?

Accepted Answer

cat /proc/sys/fs/file-nr

Answer

lsof | wc -l

Answer

ulimit -n

Answer

fdcount

Question 7

A log file is growing very quickly and consuming disk space. Which logrotate directive forces immediate rotation regardless of size?

Accepted Answer

size

Answer

minsize

Answer

maxsize

Answer

notifempty