DMAIC: Measure Phase Tools Flashcards
7 cards from real Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 DMAIC: Measure Phase Tools flashcards as text
A team calculates Pp = 1.45 and Ppk = 0.92 for a new process. What is the most likely explanation?
Answer: The process has adequate spread but is significantly off-center
When Pp is acceptable but Ppk is low, it means the process spread is adequate but the mean is shifted away from the target, reducing Ppk.
What is the defects per million opportunities (DPMO) for a process operating at 4 sigma?
Answer: 6,210
A 4-sigma process corresponds to approximately 6,210 DPMO when using the standard Six Sigma convention that assumes a 1.5-sigma shift.
In a control chart, which pattern would NOT trigger a Western Electric (WE) rule violation?
Answer: Alternate points zig-zagging above and below the centerline within 1 sigma
Alternating zig-zag points within 1 sigma of the centerline is a common cause pattern and does not trigger any Western Electric rule.
What does the 'discrimination ratio' in a gauge R&R study tell practitioners?
Answer: How many distinct categories the gauge can reliably distinguish in the data
The discrimination ratio (also called number of distinct categories, NDC) indicates how many statistically distinct groups the measurement system can differentiate in the process variation.
A practitioner uses stratified sampling by shift (day, evening, night) and takes equal samples from each. This approach ensures:
Answer: Representation from each subgroup is guaranteed
Stratified sampling divides the population into subgroups (strata) and samples from each, ensuring all groups are represented in the dataset.
Which tool would best help a Green Belt identify the input variables most likely to affect a key output metric before detailed data collection?
Answer: Cause-and-effect (fishbone) diagram
A cause-and-effect diagram (Ishikawa/fishbone) systematically brainstorms potential input variables across categories such as people, methods, machines, materials, and environment.
A spaghetti diagram is most useful in the Measure phase for:
Answer: Visualizing physical movement of people or materials in a process
A spaghetti diagram traces the actual physical path of people, materials, or information through a workspace, revealing waste in motion and transportation.