Soil Science and Site Preparation Flashcards

What is the ideal soil texture for most landscape plantings, balancing drainage and water retention?

Answer: Loam

Loam, a balanced mixture of sand, silt, and clay, provides ideal porosity, drainage, and water-holding capacity for most landscape plants.

What soil test result is most important before amending soil for a new landscape installation?

Answer: pH and nutrient levels (N, P, K)

A baseline soil test for pH and macronutrient levels guides amendment decisions and prevents over or under fertilizing.

What does soil compaction do to plant root development?

Answer: Restricts oxygen flow and root penetration, stunting growth

Compacted soil has reduced pore space, limiting oxygen availability and making it mechanically difficult for roots to penetrate, resulting in shallow, stressed root systems.

Which organic matter amendment is most commonly incorporated into planting beds to improve soil structure?

Answer: Compost

Compost improves soil structure, drainage in clay soils, water retention in sandy soils, and adds organic matter that feeds beneficial soil microorganisms.

What is a soil horizon relevant to landscape grading and planting?

Answer: A distinct vertical layer of soil with different characteristics

Soil horizons are distinct horizontal layers with different textures, organic matter, and colors that develop over time and affect drainage and rooting.

What is the purpose of soil aeration in landscape management?

Answer: Relieve compaction and improve air, water, and nutrient movement

Core aeration removes plugs of soil to relieve compaction, improve gas exchange, enhance water infiltration, and promote deeper root growth in lawns.