Hardscape Design and Construction Flashcards

What permit is typically required before constructing a retaining wall over 4 feet tall in most US jurisdictions?

Answer: Structural building permit

Most US jurisdictions require a structural building permit for retaining walls exceeding 4 feet in height to ensure engineering and safety standards are met.

Which edging material is most commonly used to create a clean border between a lawn and a planting bed?

Answer: Steel or aluminum landscape edging

Steel or aluminum landscape edging provides a durable, flexible, and nearly invisible border that cleanly separates lawn grass from mulched planting beds.

What is the term for the uneven appearance of brick or stone caused by inconsistent mortar joint width?

Answer: Poor coursing or misalignment

Poor coursing results from inconsistent mortar joint widths, creating an unprofessional, uneven appearance in masonry work.

What is efflorescence on masonry surfaces and how is it typically addressed?

Answer: White mineral salt deposits removed with dilute acid wash

Efflorescence is the white, chalky deposit left when water carries soluble salts to the masonry surface; it is typically removed with a dilute muriatic acid wash.

What is the recommended minimum tread depth for safe exterior landscape steps?

Answer: 11 to 12 inches

Exterior step treads should be at least 11 to 12 inches deep to accommodate a full foot placement and provide stable footing.

What is the term for outdoor flooring that is level with or slightly above grade surrounding a pool?

Answer: Pool deck

A pool deck is the paved surface surrounding a pool, designed to drain water away from the pool edge and provide safe, slip-resistant footing.