Keystone Test Literature: Nonfiction Text Analysis 4

Question 1

In a nonfiction text, the author spends three paragraphs discussing a problem before offering any solution. Which structural pattern does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

Problem-solution

Answer

Presenting an issue in depth before proposing remedies is the problem-solution organizational pattern, common in argumentative and informational nonfiction.

Question 2

An author writes, 'If we do not act now, millions will suffer.' What persuasive appeal is most evident?

Accepted Answer

Pathos—appeal to fear and emotion

Answer

Invoking the suffering of millions is designed to create fear and urgency, making this primarily an emotional (pathos) appeal.

Question 3

Which of the following BEST demonstrates an author using ethos in a nonfiction article about nutrition?

Accepted Answer

'As a registered dietitian with 20 years of clinical experience, I recommend…'

Answer

Citing professional credentials and experience is the hallmark of ethos, which builds the author's trustworthiness on the subject.

Question 4

A passage about the Civil Rights Movement includes the text of an original speech alongside the author's commentary. The speech excerpt serves primarily as:

Accepted Answer

Primary source evidence to support historical claims

Answer

An original speech is a primary source—direct historical evidence—that gives the author's claims authority and authenticity.

Question 5

A student must determine the meaning of the word 'pervasive' in a nonfiction passage without a glossary. Which strategy should the student use first?

Accepted Answer

Look for context clues in surrounding sentences

Answer

Context clues—surrounding words, examples, or contrasts—are the most immediate and reliable strategy for inferring the meaning of an unfamiliar word.

Keystone Test Practice Test

Keystone Test Practice Test

Keystone Test Literature: Nonfiction Text Analysis 4