Emergency Medical Responder Care Flashcards

When assessing an unresponsive adult patient, what is the correct order of the primary survey steps?

Answer: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Expose

The primary survey follows the ABCDE sequence: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Expose.

A patient presents with a blood pressure of 88/60 mmHg, rapid weak pulse, and pale clammy skin. Which condition does this most likely indicate?

Answer: Hemorrhagic shock

Hypotension, rapid weak pulse, and pale clammy skin are classic signs of hemorrhagic (hypovolemic) shock.

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate position for a conscious patient in respiratory distress?

Answer: Semi-Fowler's (sitting upright at 45°)

Sitting the patient upright at 45° reduces the work of breathing by allowing the diaphragm to descend more freely.

An EMR finds a patient with a suspected spinal injury who is vomiting. What should the EMR do?

Answer: Log-roll the patient to a lateral position while maintaining spinal alignment

Log-rolling to a lateral position while maintaining spinal alignment protects the airway without compromising the spine.

The normal adult respiratory rate at rest is:

Answer: 12–20 breaths per minute

A normal adult respiratory rate at rest is 12–20 breaths per minute; rates outside this range indicate abnormal breathing.

Which type of burn involves destruction of the epidermis and dermis but spares deeper structures, presents as moist, red, and blistered?

Answer: Partial-thickness (second-degree) burn

Partial-thickness (second-degree) burns affect epidermis and dermis, causing blisters, moisture, and significant pain.

When performing a jaw-thrust maneuver, what is the primary purpose compared to the head-tilt/chin-lift?

Answer: It opens the airway without extending the cervical spine

The jaw-thrust maneuver opens the airway while keeping the cervical spine in a neutral position, making it preferred when spinal injury is suspected.