JCAHPO Patient Evaluation 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: During a confrontation visual field test, the examiner's finger should be positioned at what location?
- Directly in front of the patient's eye
- Midway between the examiner and patient at the periphery (Correct answer)
- Directly in front of the examiner's eye
- At arm's length from the patient
Correct answer: Midway between the examiner and patient at the periphery
The target should be placed midway between examiner and patient to provide an equal reference field for comparison.
Question 2: Which cranial nerve is tested when evaluating the corneal reflex (blink reflex)?
- CN II and CN III
- CN V and CN VII (Correct answer)
- CN III and CN VI
- CN IV and CN V
Correct answer: CN V and CN VII
The afferent limb is CN V (trigeminal) and the efferent limb is CN VII (facial nerve), producing the blink.
Question 3: A patient's pupil constricts when a light is shone in the opposite eye. This response is called:
- Direct pupillary response
- Consensual pupillary response (Correct answer)
- Relative afferent pupillary defect
- Accommodation reflex
Correct answer: Consensual pupillary response
The consensual (indirect) response is constriction of the unstimulated pupil when light is directed into the fellow eye.
Question 4: When using the Amsler grid, a patient reports that the central lines appear wavy. This finding is called:
- Scotoma
- Metamorphopsia (Correct answer)
- Micropsia
- Diplopia
Correct answer: Metamorphopsia
Metamorphopsia refers to distorted or wavy appearance of lines and is a classic finding on Amsler grid testing in macular disease.
Question 5: Which refraction technique is used to objectively measure the refractive error of the eye without patient feedback?
- Manifest refraction
- Cycloplegic refraction
- Retinoscopy (Correct answer)
- Keratometry
Correct answer: Retinoscopy
Retinoscopy allows the examiner to objectively determine refractive error by observing the reflex from the retina.
Question 6: A patient presents with anisocoria that is more pronounced in dim lighting. This pattern suggests:
- Horner syndrome (Correct answer)
- Third nerve palsy
- Adie tonic pupil
- Physiologic anisocoria
Correct answer: Horner syndrome
Horner syndrome causes dilation lag, making the anisocoria worse in dim light due to impaired sympathetic dilation of the affected pupil.
Question 7: Which test measures the corneal curvature and is important for contact lens fitting?
- Pachymetry
- Keratometry (Correct answer)
- Tonometry
- Biomicroscopy
Correct answer: Keratometry
Keratometry measures the anterior corneal curvature (corneal power) and is essential data for contact lens base curve selection.
JCAHPO Patient Evaluation 2
During a confrontation visual field test, the examiner's finger should be positioned at what location?