Patient Evaluation Flashcards

During a confrontation visual field test, the examiner's finger should be positioned at what location?

Answer: Midway between the examiner and patient at the periphery

The target should be placed midway between examiner and patient to provide an equal reference field for comparison.

Which cranial nerve is tested when evaluating the corneal reflex (blink reflex)?

Answer: CN V and CN VII

The afferent limb is CN V (trigeminal) and the efferent limb is CN VII (facial nerve), producing the blink.

A patient's pupil constricts when a light is shone in the opposite eye. This response is called:

Answer: Consensual pupillary response

The consensual (indirect) response is constriction of the unstimulated pupil when light is directed into the fellow eye.

When using the Amsler grid, a patient reports that the central lines appear wavy. This finding is called:

Answer: Metamorphopsia

Metamorphopsia refers to distorted or wavy appearance of lines and is a classic finding on Amsler grid testing in macular disease.

Which refraction technique is used to objectively measure the refractive error of the eye without patient feedback?

Answer: Retinoscopy

Retinoscopy allows the examiner to objectively determine refractive error by observing the reflex from the retina.

A patient presents with anisocoria that is more pronounced in dim lighting. This pattern suggests:

Answer: Horner syndrome

Horner syndrome causes dilation lag, making the anisocoria worse in dim light due to impaired sympathetic dilation of the affected pupil.

Which test measures the corneal curvature and is important for contact lens fitting?

Answer: Keratometry

Keratometry measures the anterior corneal curvature (corneal power) and is essential data for contact lens base curve selection.