CPT Nutrition and Evaluation Flashcards

Which of the following is a potential effect of ingesting too much iron?

Answer: Gastrointestinal irritation

Explanation: Dietary reference intake (DRI) values for nutrients provide good guidelines for what constitutes an adequate intake of a nutrient. However, excess intake of mineral elements can also cause health problems. For example, excess intake of iron can interfere with the absorption of other minerals, such as zinc, and can cause gastrointestinal distress and increase the risk of heart disease.

All of the following are complete protein food sources except:

Answer: Sunflower seeds

Explanation: A complete protein is one that provides all of the essential amino acids in the amount the body needs and is also easy to digest and absorb. Typical animal proteins such as meats, eggs, and dairy products are complete proteins. Incomplete proteins are foods that do not contain all of the essential amino acids in the amount needed by the body. However, combining two incomplete protein sources into one meal or snack can create a complete protein food source, for example, rice and beans.

Which of the following is true regarding carbohydrates?

Answer: They supply energy

Explanation: There is a lot of negativity in the health and wellness industry regarding carbohydrates. As a fitness professional, it is imperative that you properly educate your clients about the types of carbohydrates and the health benefits of each. Many nutrient-dense foods, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, are primarily made up of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates supply much-needed energy, contain four calories per gram, and are an important fuel for exercise; therefore, they should be a part of your clients' daily consumption.

During the initial client consultation, within which form would a client find information about client-trainer confidentiality?

Answer: Informed consent

Explanation: Informed consent is correct because this form provides clients with information regarding the content and process of the program delivery system. In addition to information regarding confidentiality, a detailed description of the program, the risks, and benefits associated with participation and the responsibilities of the participant are included. This information should be provided both verbally and in writing in order to ensure client understanding.

Which of the following is considered companionship support?

Answer: A workout buddy

Explanation: Companionship support is when a friend, family member, or coworker is able to exercise with the client and increase the client's positive exercise experience. This is different from emotional support, which is when the trainer is empathetic toward the client. Informational support is data provided by the trainer, and instrumental support is practical things like babysitting and a functioning car.

How can a trainer support a client in the action stage?

Answer: Continue educating them concerning the benefits of exercise

Explanation: During the action stage is when the client is most likely to regress into less activity or lack of consistent training. Continuing education supports the client's motivation and success. The program should already be established, and unless there is a serious change such as injury, it should not be adjusted this early in training. Misconceptions about exercise should have been cleared up in the contemplation stage.

What is the recommended way for an individual to self-monitor?

Answer: Keeping a daily written record

Explanation: To improve coaching interventions that change behavior, Certified Personal Trainers need to identify appropriate behavior change techniques (BCTs). Self-monitoring is an ideal BCT to ensure client consistency and adherence. It can be a simple record of exercise, water intake, or nutrition intake that helps the client bring their attention to their behavior. It can be in the form of a journal or notebook, an app, or a simple document.

Which of the following is a potential effect of excess vitamin A intake?

Answer: Liver damage

Explanation: Dietary reference intake (DRI) values for nutrients provide good guidelines for what constitutes an adequate intake of a nutrient. However, excess intake of mineral elements can also cause health problems. For example, excess intake of vitamin A can lead to liver damage, bone and joint pain, dry skin, loss of hair, headache, and vomiting.

What percentage of total calories should come from fat sources?

Answer: 20-35% of total daily calories

Explanation: It is recommended that an individual get 20-35% of their total daily calories from healthy sources of fat. While fats are the major source of energy in the body, they are also responsible for functions such as supplying essential fatty acids and protecting and insulating vital organs. Healthy sources of fats include avocados, peanuts, almonds, salmon, and flax seeds.

An individual should consume at least how many calories per day to ensure that they are receiving proper and adequate nutrition?

Answer: 1,200 calories per day

Explanation: Eating less than 1,200 calories per day can have adverse health effects. That is why as a fitness professional you should encourage your clients to eat small, frequent meals and to consume at least 1,200 calories per day to ensure that they are receiving proper and adequate nutrition.

What is the best way for an individual to minimize blood sugar fluctuations?

Answer: Eating small, frequent meals

Explanation: Once carbohydrates are consumed, there is a corresponding rise in blood sugar levels as glucose enters the bloodstream. Simple carbohydrates consumed on their own, such as juices, sports drinks, and candy, are absorbed more rapidly than complex carbohydrates and result in a rapid rise in blood sugar. Eating small, frequent meals not only helps control hunger but also helps minimize blood sugar fluctuations and increase energy levels throughout the day.