ISAT Logical Deduction from Passages 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Passage: 'Employees are eligible for a bonus if they have been with the company for at least two years and received a satisfactory performance review. Lena has been with the company for three years but received an unsatisfactory review.' Is Lena eligible for a bonus? A) Yes, because she has been with the company long enough. B) No, because she did not meet both requirements. C) Yes, on a partial basis. D) It depends on company policy.
- Yes, because she has been with the company long enough.
- No, because she did not meet both requirements. (Correct answer)
- Yes, on a partial basis.
- It depends on company policy.
Correct answer: No, because she did not meet both requirements.
Both tenure and a satisfactory review are required; since Lena's review was unsatisfactory, she is not eligible.
Question 2: Passage: 'The library sends overdue notices only to patrons who have books checked out for more than 21 days. Kevin received an overdue notice.' What must be true? A) Kevin has a book checked out for more than 21 days. B) Kevin never returned his book. C) Kevin owes a fine. D) Kevin is a frequent library user.
- Kevin has a book checked out for more than 21 days. (Correct answer)
- Kevin never returned his book.
- Kevin owes a fine.
- Kevin is a frequent library user.
Correct answer: Kevin has a book checked out for more than 21 days.
Notices are sent only to patrons overdue by more than 21 days; receiving one means Kevin must have exceeded that threshold.
Question 3: Passage: 'All freshwater fish in this region can survive temperatures between 5°C and 25°C. The river temperature dropped to 2°C last winter.' What can be logically concluded? A) All freshwater fish in the region survived last winter. B) No freshwater fish in the region could survive last winter in the river. C) Some freshwater fish may have survived in warmer areas. D) The fish adapted to the cold temperature.
- All freshwater fish in the region survived last winter.
- No freshwater fish in the region could survive last winter in the river. (Correct answer)
- Some freshwater fish may have survived in warmer areas.
- The fish adapted to the cold temperature.
Correct answer: No freshwater fish in the region could survive last winter in the river.
2°C is outside the survivable range (5°C–25°C) for all regional freshwater fish, so none could survive in the river at that temperature.
Question 4: Passage: 'The seminar room is reserved on Tuesdays and Thursdays. The study lounge is available every day. Today is Thursday.' Which statement is logically supported? A) The seminar room is available today. B) The study lounge is available today. C) Neither room is available today. D) The study lounge is reserved on Thursdays.
- The seminar room is available today.
- The study lounge is available today. (Correct answer)
- Neither room is available today.
- The study lounge is reserved on Thursdays.
Correct answer: The study lounge is available today.
The study lounge is available every day, and today is Thursday, so it is available today.
Question 5: Passage: 'Participants who complete all five modules receive a certificate. Participants who receive a certificate are listed in the program directory. Amir completed only four modules.' What can be deduced about Amir? A) Amir will receive a certificate. B) Amir will be listed in the directory. C) Amir will not receive a certificate. D) Amir should complete one more module to be listed.
- Amir will receive a certificate.
- Amir will be listed in the directory.
- Amir will not receive a certificate. (Correct answer)
- Amir should complete one more module to be listed.
Correct answer: Amir will not receive a certificate.
Completing all five modules is required for a certificate; Amir completed only four, so he will not receive one.
Question 6: Passage: 'If a product is recalled, it must be removed from all shelves within 48 hours. Product Z was recalled on Monday morning.' By when must Product Z be removed from shelves? A) By Monday evening. B) By Tuesday morning. C) By Wednesday morning. D) By the end of the business week.
- By Monday evening.
- By Tuesday morning.
- By Wednesday morning. (Correct answer)
- By the end of the business week.
Correct answer: By Wednesday morning.
48 hours after Monday morning is Wednesday morning, which is the deadline for removing Product Z.
Question 7: Passage: 'An argument is valid only if its conclusion necessarily follows from its premises. An argument is sound only if it is valid and all its premises are true. Argument Q is valid but has one false premise.' Which description fits Argument Q? A) Valid and sound. B) Valid but not sound. C) Neither valid nor sound. D) Sound but not valid.
- Valid and sound.
- Valid but not sound. (Correct answer)
- Neither valid nor sound.
- Sound but not valid.
Correct answer: Valid but not sound.
Argument Q is stated to be valid, but soundness also requires all premises to be true, which fails because one premise is false.
ISAT Logical Deduction from Passages 5
Passage: 'Employees are eligible for a bonus if they have been with the company for at least two years and received a satisfactory performance review.
Lena has been with the company for three years but received an unsatisfactory review.' Is Lena eligible for a bonus?
A) Yes, because she has been with the company long enough.
B) No, because she did not meet both requirements.
C) Yes, on a partial basis.
D) It depends on company policy.