ICT Networking Models and Protocols 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which TCP/IP model layer is responsible for moving bits across the physical medium?
- Internet layer
- Transport layer
- Network Access layer (Correct answer)
- Application layer
Correct answer: Network Access layer
The Network Access layer (also called Link layer) in the TCP/IP model handles physical transmission and data framing, equivalent to OSI Layers 1 and 2.
Question 2: Port 443 is associated with which protocol?
- HTTP
- FTP
- HTTPS (Correct answer)
- SMTP
Correct answer: HTTPS
HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses port 443 for encrypted web communication via TLS/SSL.
Question 3: Which routing protocol is classified as a distance-vector protocol?
- OSPF
- IS-IS
- RIP (Correct answer)
- BGP
Correct answer: RIP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a distance-vector protocol that uses hop count as its metric and shares its entire routing table with neighbors.
Question 4: What is the maximum hop count allowed by RIPv2 before a route is considered unreachable?
- 8
- 15 (Correct answer)
- 30
- 255
Correct answer: 15
RIPv2 has a maximum hop count of 15; a hop count of 16 is considered infinite and marks the route as unreachable.
Question 5: Which of the following is a link-state routing protocol that uses Dijkstra's algorithm?
- RIP
- EIGRP
- OSPF (Correct answer)
- BGP
Correct answer: OSPF
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state protocol that builds a complete network topology map and uses Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm.
Question 6: ICMP is primarily used for which networking function?
- Assigning IP addresses dynamically
- Resolving MAC addresses from IP addresses
- Sending error messages and diagnostics (e.g., ping) (Correct answer)
- Encrypting network traffic
Correct answer: Sending error messages and diagnostics (e.g., ping)
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for network diagnostics and error reporting, including the ping and traceroute utilities.
Question 7: Which layer of the OSI model do switches primarily operate at?
- Layer 1 – Physical
- Layer 2 – Data Link (Correct answer)
- Layer 3 – Network
- Layer 4 – Transport
Correct answer: Layer 2 – Data Link
Traditional switches operate at the Data Link layer (Layer 2), forwarding frames based on MAC address tables.
ICT Networking Models and Protocols 4
Which TCP/IP model layer is responsible for moving bits across the physical medium?