Network Fundamentals Flashcards

Which protocol is used to translate private IP addresses to a public IP address for internet access?

Answer: NAT

NAT (Network Address Translation) maps private internal IP addresses to a public IP address, allowing multiple devices to share a single public address for internet access.

What is the purpose of a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in a network security architecture?

Answer: To host public-facing servers in an isolated network segment separate from the internal LAN

A DMZ is a network segment that hosts public-facing services (web, mail, DNS servers) isolated from the internal LAN to limit the impact if those servers are compromised.

In the context of network cabling, what does plenum-rated cable indicate?

Answer: The cable jacket uses low-smoke, flame-retardant materials approved for air-handling spaces

Plenum-rated cable (CMP) uses a special jacket material that produces minimal smoke and toxic fumes when burned, meeting fire codes for installation in plenum air-handling spaces.

What is the IEEE 802.1Q standard primarily associated with?

Answer: VLAN tagging on Ethernet frames

IEEE 802.1Q defines the standard for VLAN tagging, adding a 4-byte tag to Ethernet frames to identify which VLAN the traffic belongs to across trunk links.

Which device connects multiple network segments and makes forwarding decisions based on Layer 3 IP addresses?

Answer: Router

A router operates at Layer 3 of the OSI model, using IP routing tables to determine the best path for forwarding packets between different networks or subnets.

What is the maximum transmission distance for 1000BASE-LX fiber optic Gigabit Ethernet?

Answer: 10 kilometers

1000BASE-LX uses long-wavelength lasers on single-mode fiber and supports transmission distances up to 10 kilometers, making it suitable for campus backbone connections.

What network service translates human-readable domain names (e.g., www.example.com) into IP addresses?

Answer: DNS

DNS (Domain Name System) is the distributed naming system that resolves fully qualified domain names to IP addresses, enabling users to access resources by name rather than address.