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Programming and Digital Systems Flashcards

7 cards from real ICAS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Programming and Digital Systems flashcards as text

  1. Which data structure uses a Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle?

    Answer: Stack

    A stack operates on LIFO, meaning the last element added is the first one removed.

  2. What does the term 'bug' mean in programming?

    Answer: An error or flaw in the program

    A bug is any error or unintended behavior in a program that causes it to produce incorrect results.

  3. In binary, what is the value of 1011?

    Answer: 11

    1011 in binary = 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11 in decimal.

  4. Which type of loop is guaranteed to execute its body at least once?

    Answer: do-while loop

    A do-while loop checks its condition after executing the body, ensuring at least one execution.

  5. What is an algorithm?

    Answer: A step-by-step set of instructions to solve a problem

    An algorithm is a finite, ordered set of instructions designed to solve a specific problem or perform a task.

  6. Which of the following best describes 'pseudocode'?

    Answer: An informal description of a program's logic

    Pseudocode is a plain-language description of programming logic, not tied to any specific language syntax.

  7. What does a compiler do?

    Answer: Translates high-level code into machine code

    A compiler translates the entire source code written in a high-level language into machine-readable code before execution.

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