Sprinkler & Emitter Technology Flashcards

What is 'head-to-head spacing' in sprinkler design?

Answer: Spacing where one head's throw distance equals the spacing between heads

Head-to-head spacing means the throw radius of each sprinkler reaches the adjacent head, ensuring 100% overlap and uniform coverage.

Which sprinkler nozzle type produces the lowest precipitation rate and is most appropriate for clay soils?

Answer: Rotary nozzle (e.g., MP Rotator)

Rotary nozzles like the MP Rotator apply water at very low rates (0.4–0.5 in/hr), well suited to clay soils with low infiltration rates.

What is the purpose of a check valve built into a sprinkler head?

Answer: To prevent low-head drainage after the system shuts off

Integral check valves prevent water from draining out of low-lying heads after irrigation, which wastes water and causes wet spots.

A drip system emitter rated at 1.0 GPH operates for 2 hours. How much water has been applied?

Answer: 2.0 gallons

Volume = flow rate × time = 1.0 GPH × 2 hours = 2.0 gallons per emitter.

In a matched precipitation rate (MPR) sprinkler system, what is adjusted to ensure equal precipitation regardless of arc?

Answer: Nozzle flow rate

MPR nozzles adjust flow rate proportionally to the arc (e.g., a 90° head uses ¼ the flow of a 360° head) so all heads apply the same depth per hour.

What is the recommended minimum operating pressure for most pop-up spray heads to ensure proper trajectory and coverage?

Answer: 30 PSI

Most pop-up spray heads are designed to operate at 30 PSI for optimal nozzle trajectory, throw radius, and distribution uniformity.