Natural Sciences Flashcards

The lower jaw in vertebrates is known as the:

Answer: mandible

Explanation: The lower jaw in vertebrates is called the mandible. It is the bone that forms the lower part of the skull and holds the lower teeth in place.

In old age bones may become:

Answer: porous

Explanation: In old age, bones may become porous. This condition, known as osteoporosis, results from a decrease in bone density, making bones weaker and more susceptible to fractures.

About one quart, 0.908 dry quarts, is equivalent to one:

Answer: liter

Explanation: About one quart (0.908 dry quarts) is approximately equivalent to one liter. This is because one quart is roughly equal to 0.946 liters in liquid measurement.

Normal body temperature, expressed in degrees centigrade is:

Answer: 37

Explanation: Normal body temperature expressed in degrees centigrade is 37°C. This is the equivalent of 98.6°F in Fahrenheit.

An individual who played a large role in smallpox vaccination was:

Answer: Jenner

Explanation: Edward Jenner played a large role in smallpox vaccination. He developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796.

The nutrient that yields the most energy per ounce is:

Answer: fat

Explanation: Fat yields the most energy per ounce compared to other nutrients. Fat provides approximately 9 calories per gram, while protein and carbohydrates (such as starch and sugar) provide about 4 calories per gram.

Of the following, the scientist who was a Nobel Prize winner was:

Answer: Muller

Explanation: Hermann Muller was a Nobel Prize winner. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1946 for his work on the genetic effects of radiation.

The approximate percent of nitrogen in the earth's atmosphere is:

Answer: 78

Explanation: The approximate percent of nitrogen in the Earth's atmosphere is 78%. Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, with oxygen being the second most abundant at around 21%.

An example of a good insulator of electricity would be:

Answer: wood

Explanation: Wood is an example of a good insulator of electricity. Insulators are materials that resist the flow of electric current. Wood has high resistance to electrical conductivity compared to metals like copper, iron, bronze, and tin, making it a good choice for electrical insulation in various applications.

A type of mechanical wave motion in an elastic medium is:

Answer: sound

Explanation: Sound is a type of mechanical wave motion that requires a medium, such as air, water, or solids, to propagate. Sound waves are produced by the vibration of particles in the medium and travel through it as longitudinal waves. Light, radar, heat, and X-rays are examples of other wave phenomena, but they do not require a medium for propagation and are not classified as mechanical waves.

The type of radiation (sunlight) that tans or burns human skin is called:

Answer: ultraviolet

Explanation: The type of radiation (sunlight) that tans or burns human skin is called ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation from the sun can cause both tanning and burning of the skin, depending on factors such as exposure time and skin sensitivity. UV radiation is responsible for suntans as well as sunburns and can potentially lead to long-term skin damage and an increased risk of skin cancer.