Histology Certification Pathological Changes 2

Question 1

Which term describes irreversible cell injury characterized by cell swelling, membrane rupture, and inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Necrosis

Answer

Apoptosis

Answer

Autophagy

Answer

Senescence

Question 2

In coagulative necrosis, the tissue architecture is preserved because of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Protein denaturation prevents autolysis

Answer

Enzymatic digestion predominates

Answer

Lipid peroxidation is blocked

Answer

Inflammatory cells are absent

Question 3

Liquefactive necrosis is characteristically seen in infarcts of which organ?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Heart

Answer

Kidney

Answer

Liver

Question 4

Caseous necrosis, which appears as soft, cheese-like material on gross examination, is most associated with infection by which organism?

Accepted Answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Candida albicans

Answer

Clostridium perfringens

Question 5

Fat necrosis secondary to acute pancreatitis results from the action of which enzymes released by damaged pancreatic cells?

Accepted Answer

Lipases and phospholipases

Answer

Proteases and nucleases

Answer

Amylases and glucosidases

Answer

Collagenases and elastases

Question 6

Which of the following is a histological hallmark of gangrenous necrosis in an extremity?

Accepted Answer

Mixed coagulative necrosis with superimposed bacterial infection

Answer

Preserved cell outlines with ghost nuclei

Answer

Complete liquefaction of tissue

Answer

Granuloma formation with Langhans giant cells

Question 7

Fibrinoid necrosis is most characteristically seen in which pathological condition?

Accepted Answer

Malignant hypertension and immune vasculitis

Answer

Tuberculosis

Answer

Myocardial infarction

Answer

Pulmonary embolism