Digital Logic and Microcomputers Flashcards
6 cards from real GROL practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Digital Logic and Microcomputers flashcards as text
In digital logic, which gate produces a HIGH output only when all of its inputs are LOW?
Answer: NOR
A NOR (Not OR) gate is the logical inverse of an OR gate. An OR gate outputs HIGH if any input is HIGH. Therefore, a NOR gate will only output HIGH when all of its inputs are LOW.
A technician is reading a memory address from a microcomputer's diagnostic screen, which displays the hexadecimal value 2F. What is the decimal equivalent of this value?
Answer: 47
Hexadecimal is a base-16 number system. The value 2F is calculated as (2 * 16^1) + (F * 16^0). Since F represents 15 in decimal, the calculation is (2 * 16) + (15 * 1) = 32 + 15 = 47.
Which of the following best describes the primary characteristic of Random Access Memory (RAM) in a microcomputer system?
Answer: It is volatile memory that loses its contents when power is removed.
RAM is volatile memory, which means its contents are lost when the system loses power. It is used by the CPU for temporary storage of data and program instructions that are actively in use. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile and typically stores boot-up instructions.
In a microcomputer's architecture, what is the primary function of the address bus?
Answer: To specify the memory location or I/O port for a read or write operation.
The address bus is a unidirectional set of wires used by the CPU to select a specific location in memory or a specific input/output (I/O) device that it wants to communicate with. The data bus carries the actual data, and the control bus handles timing and control signals.
What is the fundamental purpose of a D-type flip-flop in a digital logic circuit?
Answer: To store a single bit of data.
A flip-flop is a bistable circuit, meaning it has two stable states (representing a 1 or a 0). Its primary function is to act as a basic memory element, capable of storing one bit of information. The D-type flip-flop specifically captures and holds the value on its 'D' (data) input when triggered by a clock signal.
An Exclusive OR (XOR) gate is a fundamental logic component. Which of the following statements correctly describes its output behavior?
Answer: The output is HIGH if an odd number of inputs are HIGH.
An XOR gate produces a HIGH (1) output when its inputs are different. For a two-input gate, this means one input is HIGH and the other is LOW. This logic extends to mean the output is HIGH only when there is an odd number of HIGH inputs.