MCQ Flashcards

A company needs to migrate a 50 TB on-premises Oracle database to Google Cloud with minimal downtime. Which approach is most appropriate?

Answer: Use Database Migration Service with continuous replication and cutover

Database Migration Service supports continuous replication for Oracle, enabling minimal-downtime migrations with a controlled cutover window.

Your application on GKE experiences intermittent OOM kills on pods during traffic spikes. What is the most effective long-term fix?

Answer: Set appropriate resource requests and limits on pods and enable Vertical Pod Autoscaler

Setting resource requests/limits allows the scheduler to place pods correctly, and VPA adjusts them automatically based on observed usage.

A retail company wants real-time inventory updates visible globally with strong consistency. Which Cloud Spanner feature addresses this requirement?

Answer: Multi-region instance with TrueTime-based external consistency

Cloud Spanner multi-region instances use TrueTime to provide external consistency (linearizability) across all regions simultaneously.

Which IAM approach best follows the principle of least privilege for a Cloud Run service that only needs to read from one Cloud Storage bucket?

Answer: Create a custom role with storage.objects.get and storage.objects.list on that specific bucket

A custom role scoped to only the needed permissions on the specific bucket minimizes the blast radius of any credential compromise.

A startup needs an event-driven architecture where multiple downstream services react to new user registrations. What is the recommended pattern on Google Cloud?

Answer: Publish to Pub/Sub topic with each service having its own subscription

Pub/Sub fan-out with per-service subscriptions decouples producers from consumers and guarantees at-least-once delivery to each subscriber independently.

A team wants to enforce that all Compute Engine VMs in their organization use only approved OS images. What is the correct control?

Answer: Use an Organization Policy constraint to restrict allowed images

The constraints/compute.trustedImageProjects organization policy prevents VM creation from images outside the approved list.

You need to analyze 10 years of clickstream logs (petabytes) with ad-hoc SQL queries. Cost efficiency is the top priority. What storage and query approach should you use?

Answer: Store in Cloud Storage as Parquet, query with BigQuery external tables

BigQuery external tables on Cloud Storage Parquet files avoid data ingestion costs and use columnar compression, making ad-hoc queries highly cost-efficient for petabyte-scale cold data.