GI Disorders & Diseases 3

Question 1

Which serologic marker is most specific for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?

Accepted Answer

Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)

Answer

Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) is present in over 90% of patients with primary biliary cholangitis and is highly specific for this autoimmune liver disease.

Question 2

A patient presents with painless obstructive jaundice, weight loss, and a palpable non-tender gallbladder. This presentation is known as:

Accepted Answer

Courvoisier's sign

Answer

Courvoisier's sign refers to a palpable, non-tender gallbladder in the setting of jaundice, suggesting malignant biliary obstruction (most commonly pancreatic head cancer) rather than gallstones.

Question 3

Which genetic mutation is most commonly associated with hereditary hemochromatosis?

Accepted Answer

HFE gene C282Y mutation

Answer

Hereditary hemochromatosis is most commonly caused by the C282Y mutation in the HFE gene, leading to excessive iron absorption and deposition in organs.

Question 4

What is the hallmark pathologic finding in celiac disease on small bowel biopsy?

Accepted Answer

Villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes

Answer

Celiac disease is characterized by villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes on duodenal biopsy, which reverses with a gluten-free diet.

Question 5

A 60-year-old man presents with epigastric pain, early satiety, and weight loss. Upper endoscopy reveals a ulcerated gastric mass. Which H. pylori-associated gastric cancer type arises from lymphoid tissue?

Accepted Answer

MALT lymphoma

Answer

MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma is strongly associated with H. pylori infection and can often be treated with H. pylori eradication alone in early stages.

(GI) Gastrointestinal Practice Test

(GI) Gastrointestinal Practice Test

GI Disorders & Diseases 3