GI Digestive System Anatomy 3

Question 1

What is the primary function of the ileocecal valve?

Accepted Answer

Prevention of backflow from cecum into ileum

Answer

The ileocecal valve (Bauhin's valve) prevents reflux of colonic bacteria and contents back into the small intestine.

Question 2

Which accessory digestive organ has both exocrine and endocrine functions?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes (exocrine via acinar cells) and hormones including insulin and glucagon (endocrine via islets of Langerhans).

Question 3

The falciform ligament divides the liver into which two portions?

Accepted Answer

Left and right lobes anatomically

Answer

The falciform ligament is a peritoneal fold that divides the liver into the right and left anatomic lobes on its anterior surface.

Question 4

Which structure is the arterial supply to the greater curvature of the stomach along its upper portion?

Accepted Answer

Short gastric arteries

Answer

The short gastric arteries arise from the splenic artery and supply the fundus and upper greater curvature of the stomach.

Question 5

In which segment of the colon does water absorption occur most extensively?

Accepted Answer

Ascending colon and cecum

Answer

The cecum and ascending colon absorb the greatest amount of water and electrolytes from liquid ileal effluent.

(GI) Gastrointestinal Practice Test