GI GI Pharmacology & Medications 2

Question 1

What is the primary concern when using NSAIDs in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis leading to mucosal damage

Answer

NSAIDs inhibit COX enzymes, reducing prostaglandin production that normally protects the gastric mucosa, increasing the risk of ulcers and GI bleeding.

Question 2

Which antidiarrheal medication works by stimulating opioid receptors in the gut wall to reduce intestinal motility?

Accepted Answer

Loperamide

Answer

Loperamide acts on mu-opioid receptors in the myenteric plexus to decrease peristalsis and increase anal sphincter tone without crossing the blood-brain barrier.

Question 3

What is sucralfate's mechanism of action in treating peptic ulcers?

Accepted Answer

Forms a protective barrier over the ulcer site

Answer

Sucralfate binds to the ulcer base in an acidic environment to form a protective coating that shields the mucosa from acid and pepsin.

Question 4

Which drug class is used to manage hepatic encephalopathy by reducing ammonia-producing gut bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Non-absorbable antibiotics (rifaximin)

Answer

Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic, reduces ammonia-producing bacteria in the colon, thereby decreasing circulating ammonia levels in hepatic encephalopathy.

Question 5

Which medication is the antidote for acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Answer

N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores, neutralizing the toxic NAPQI metabolite responsible for acetaminophen-induced liver damage.

(GI) Gastrointestinal Practice Test

(GI) Gastrointestinal Practice Test

GI GI Pharmacology & Medications 2