General Surgery Board Review Anatomy & Surgical Procedures Flashcards

The critical view of safety (CVS) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy requires identification of which two structures entering the gallbladder?

Answer: Cystic duct and cystic artery

The critical view of safety requires clear identification of the cystic duct and cystic artery, with the hepatocystic triangle dissected free of fat and fibrous tissue.

The triangle of Calot is bounded by the cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and which third structure?

Answer: Inferior surface of the liver

Calot's triangle is bounded superiorly by the inferior surface of the liver, medially by the common hepatic duct, and inferiorly by the cystic duct.

Which nerve is at greatest risk during thyroidectomy, and its unilateral injury causes hoarseness?

Answer: Recurrent laryngeal nerve

The recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates all intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid; its injury results in ipsilateral vocal cord paralysis and hoarseness.

McBurney's point, used to locate the appendix, is located at which anatomical position?

Answer: Two-thirds the distance from the right ASIS to the umbilicus

McBurney's point is located two-thirds of the distance from the right anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the umbilicus, corresponding to the typical appendix base.

During a midline laparotomy, which layer is encountered immediately before entering the peritoneal cavity?

Answer: Transversalis fascia

The transversalis fascia lines the internal aspect of the abdominal wall and is the last fascial layer encountered before the peritoneum during a midline approach.

Within the femoral triangle, structures are arranged from lateral to medial in which order?

Answer: Nerve, artery, vein

The mnemonic 'NAVY' (Nerve, Artery, Vein, Y-front/empty space) describes the lateral-to-medial arrangement within the femoral triangle.