GED Science Test #7 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary function of red blood cells in the human body?
- Fighting infections and disease
- Transporting oxygen throughout the body (Correct answer)
- Producing antibodies
- Regulating blood pressure
Correct answer: Transporting oxygen throughout the body
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein that binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.
Question 2: Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic waves?
- Longer wavelength means higher frequency
- Shorter wavelength means higher frequency (Correct answer)
- Wavelength and frequency are unrelated
- Longer wavelength means the wave travels faster
Correct answer: Shorter wavelength means higher frequency
Since all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed (speed of light), shorter wavelengths must complete more cycles per second, meaning higher frequency.
Question 3: A scientist wants to test whether a new fertilizer increases plant growth. Which variable should be kept the same in all test groups?
- The amount of fertilizer applied
- The type of plant used and amount of sunlight received (Correct answer)
- The expected growth rate of the plants
- The conclusion drawn from the results
Correct answer: The type of plant used and amount of sunlight received
In a controlled experiment, all variables except the independent variable (fertilizer) must be kept constant so results can be attributed to the fertilizer alone.
Question 4: The theory of plate tectonics explains which of the following phenomena?
- The phases of the Moon
- The formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanoes (Correct answer)
- The water cycle and precipitation patterns
- The cause of ocean tides
Correct answer: The formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanoes
Plate tectonics describes how Earth's lithospheric plates move and interact, explaining the formation of mountains at collision zones, earthquakes at fault lines, and volcanic activity.
Question 5: Which term describes the energy stored in chemical bonds of molecules like glucose?
- Kinetic energy
- Thermal energy
- Potential chemical energy (Correct answer)
- Radiant energy
Correct answer: Potential chemical energy
Chemical potential energy is stored in the bonds between atoms in molecules and is released when those bonds are broken during reactions like cellular respiration.
Question 6: During mitosis, a parent cell with 46 chromosomes divides. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
- 23 chromosomes
- 46 chromosomes (Correct answer)
- 92 chromosomes
- 12 chromosomes
Correct answer: 46 chromosomes
Mitosis is cell division for growth and repair that produces two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Question 7: Which of the following best describes how vaccines protect against infectious diseases?
- They kill bacteria before infection occurs
- They stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies without causing disease (Correct answer)
- They replace white blood cells damaged by viruses
- They prevent viruses from entering the body through the skin
Correct answer: They stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies without causing disease
Vaccines introduce a harmless form of a pathogen (weakened, killed, or partial) that triggers the immune system to create antibodies and memory cells without causing the actual disease.
GED Science Test #7 5
What is the primary function of red blood cells in the human body?